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Albanian
- Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
  - Search
    - Term
      - ujë i fortë
    - Additional fields of expertise
      - Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
      - Environment & Ecology
    - Definition(s)
      - Uji i fortë është uji i ndotur me komponimet e kalciumit dhe magnezit. Own research - by Juliana Cullafiq
    - Example sentence(s)
      - Fortesia e ujit Fortesia e ujit percaktohet nga sasia e kalciumit dhe magnezit qe permban uji. Fortesia totale perbehet nga fortesi karbonati dhe e perher shme (kalkarje - gelqeror). Kur uji me fortesi karbonati ngrohet, perberesi i tij i larte i kalkarjes depozitohet. Kjo sjell nje konsumim te larte energjie deri edhe daljen nga funksioni te disa prej paisjeve shtepiake. Uje i forte do te thote qe nevojitet me shume detergjent per larje dhe proceset behen me te veshtira. Shkembimi i joneve ne filtrin BRITA ul fortesine e ujit, e cila shkakton kalkarjet. - albrita.com by Juliana Cullafiq
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Thai
- Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
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    - Term
      - น้ำกระด้าง
    - Additional fields of expertise
      - Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
      - Environment & Ecology
    - Definition(s)
      - น้ำกระด้าง หมายถึง น้ำที่ประกอบด้วยเกลือแร่ (เช่น ประจุแมกนีเซียม ประจุแคลเซียม) ซึ่งทำให้สบู่เป็นฟองน้อย The Free Dictionary - by auragun
    - Example sentence(s)
      - ตัวอย่างน้ำกระด้าง เช่น น้ำคลอง น้ำบ่อ น้ำประปา น้ำบาดาล น้ำทะเล - Institute for the Promotion of Teaching by auragun
      - น้ำกระด้างจะมีแมกนีเซียมอยู่ประมาณ 35% ของธาตุประจุบวก - Department of Industrial Works by auragun
      - ปลาบางชนิดชอบอยู่น้ำอ่อน ปลาบางชนิดชอบอยู่น้ำกระด้าง ปลาบางชนิดอยู่ได้ทั้งสองน้ำ - Thailand Fish and Nature Explorer by auragun
    - Related KudoZ question

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Vietnamese
- Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
  - Search
    - Term
      - nước cứng
    - Additional fields of expertise
      - Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
      - Environment & Ecology
    - Definition(s)
      - Nước cứng là loại nước tự nhiên chứa trên ba mili đương lượng gam cation canxi (Ca2+) và magie (Mg2+) trong một lít. Nước chứa nhiều Mg2+ có vị đắng. Tổng hàm lượng ion Ca2+ và Mg2+ đặc trưng cho tính chất cứng của nước. Ngày nay, người ta còn tính cả ion Fe2+ và Na+ vào độ cứng. Độ cứng của nước thiên nhiên dao động rất nhiều và đặc trưng lớn ở nước ngầm. Bách khoa toàn thư mở Wikipedia - by Ba Nguyen Thi Thu
    - Example sentence(s)
      - Nước có độ cứng tạm thời lớn hơn 100 ppm được coi là nước cứng, dưới mức đó được coi là nước mềm. - Diễn đàn Chim - Cá Cảnh Việt Na by Ba Nguyen Thi Thu
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English
- Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
  - Search
    - Term
      - hard water
    - Additional fields of expertise
      - Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
      - Environment & Ecology
    - Definition(s)
      - Hard water is water contaminated with compounds of calcium and magnesium. Dissolved iron, manganese, and strontium compounds can also contribute to the "total hardness" of the water, which is usually expressed as ppm CaCO3. Water with a hardness over 80 ppm CaCO3 is often treated with water softeners, since hard water produces scale in hot water pipes and boilers and lowers the effectiveness of detergents. antoine.frostburg.edu
    - Example sentence(s)
      - Some laundry detergents do not produce as many suds in hard water, these are likely to be soap-based products and do not work as well in hard-water as detergent based products. - water-treatment.org.uk
      - Hard water also contributes to inefficient and costly operation of water-using appliances. Heated hard water forms a scale of calcium and magnesium minerals that can contribute to the inefficient operation or failure of water-using appliances. - Wilkes University
      - Clothes washed in hard water often look dingy and feel harsh and scratchy. - sciLinks

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Arabic
- Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
  - Search
    - Term
      - ماء عسر
    - Additional fields of expertise
      - Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
      - Environment & Ecology
    - Definition(s)
      - ماء لا يرغي فيه الصابون لاحتوائه على أيوني Mg2+ , Ca2+i . عسر الماء نوعان : دائم ومؤقت ،... مسرد المصطلحات الكيمي - by Dr. Ola Siam
    - Example sentence(s)
      - تتوافرايونات كل من Ca+2, Mg+2, SO4-2, CO3-2 and HCO3- في الماء العسر - www.reefnet.gov.sy by Dr. Ola Siam
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French
- Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
  - Search
    - Term
      - eau dure
    - Additional fields of expertise
      - Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
      - Environment & Ecology
    - Definition(s)
      - Une eau dure est une eau qui contient beaucoup de sels dissous, comme les sels de calcium (le carbonate de calcium ou calcaire par exemple) et de magnésium. CNRS - by Natacha DAMBINOFF
    - Example sentence(s)
      - Il n’y a aucun danger à boire une eau dure lorsqu’on est en bonne santé. - CNRS by Natacha DAMBINOFF
    - Related KudoZ question

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Portuguese
- Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
  - Search
    - Term
      - Água dura
    - Additional fields of expertise
      - Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
      - Environment & Ecology
    - Definition(s)
      - Água rica em minerais de cálcio e magnésio, principalmente carbonatos. Own research - by Marcelo Lino
    - Example sentence(s)
      - Dureza da água é a propriedade relacionada com a concentração de íons de determinados minerais dissolvidos nesta substância. A dureza da água é predominantemente causada pela presença de sais de Cálcio e Magnésio, de modo que os principais íons levados em consideração na medição são os de Cálcio (Ca+) e (Mg+) - Wikipedia by Marcelo Lino
      - O tratamento da água dura para a retirada de Ca2+ e Mg2+ é conhecido por abrandamento ou amolecimento e consiste em fazer a água atravessar uma resina que captura os íons Ca2+ e Mg2+, substituindo-os por íons não prejudiciais ao homem, tais como o Na+ e o H+. - UENF by Marcelo Lino
    - Related KudoZ question

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