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Sample translations submitted: 1
English to Spanish: Relations betwen Poland and Muscovy General field: Social Sciences Detailed field: History
Source text - English Relations between Poland and Muscovite Russia have been tense, as the increasingly desperate Grand Duchy of Lithuania involved the Kingdom of Poland into its war with Muscovy around 16th century. As Polish historian Andrzej Nowak wrote, while there were occasional contacts between Poles and Russians before that, it was the Polish union with Lithuania which brought pro-Western Catholic Poland and Orthodox Russia into a real, constant relation with both states engaged in "the contest for the political, strategic and civilizational preponderance in Central and Eastern Europe". While there were occasional attempts to create an alliance between the new Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Grand Duchy of Moscow (including several attempts to elect the Muscovite tsars to the Polish throne and create the Polish–Lithuanian–Muscovite Commonwealth), they all failed. Instead, several wars occurred. Notably, during the Polish–Muscovite War (1605–18), Poland exploited Moscow's politically weakened state caused by civil war and Polish forces took Moscow – an event that would become one of the many defining moments of the future Polish–Russian relations. Muscovy, now transforming into the Russian Empire, retaliated by taking advantage of the weakening Commonwealth, taking over disputed territories and moving its borders westwards in the aftermath of the Russo-Polish War (1654–67) and later participated in the destruction of the Commonwealth during the Swedish Deluge. By the beginning of the 18th century, with the deterioration of the Commonwealth political system (Golden Liberty) into anarchy, Russians were able to intervene in internal Polish affairs at will, politically and militarily. Around the mid-18th century, the influence of ambassadors and envoys from Russia to Poland, could be compared to those of colonial viceroys and the Commonwealth was seen by Russians as a form of protectorate.
Translation - Spanish Las relaciones entre Polonia y la Rusia moscovita fueron tensas. El Gran Ducado de Lituania, cada vez más desesperado, implicó al Reino de Polonia en su guerra contra Moscovia en el siglo XVI. Dicho por el historiador polaco Andrzej Nowak, aunque antes había contactos ocasionales entre los polacos y los rusos, fue la unión polaca a Lituania lo que llevó a la Polonia católica y prooccidental y a la Rusia ortodoxa a mantener una relación real y constante. Ambos Estados participaron en «la contienda por la preponderancia política, estratégica y de civilización en Europa Central y Oriental». Aunque hubo intentos ocasionales de crear una alianza entre la nueva Mancomunidad de Polonia-Lituania y el Principado de Moscú (inclusive varios intentos de elegir a los zares moscovitas para el trono polaco y crear la Mancomunidad de Polonia-Lituania-Moscovia), no fueron a ninguna parte. En su lugar, estallaron varias guerras. En particular, durante la guerra polaco-moscovita de 1605-1618, Polonia explotó la debilidad política de Moscovia suscitada por la guerra civil y las fuerzas polacas tomaron Moscú, suceso que determinó el futuro de las relaciones ruso-polacas. Moscovia, que ahora era el Imperio ruso, tomó represalias aprovechando el debilitamiento de la Mancomunidad, apoderándose de los territorios en disputa y desplazando sus fronteras hacia el oeste tras la guerra ruso-polaca de 1654-1667, y más tarde participó en la destrucción de la Mancomunidad durante el Diluvio. A principios del siglo XVIII, cuando el sistema político de la Mancomunidad (Libertad Dorada) se sumió en la anarquía, los rusos pudieron intervenir en los asuntos internos polacos a su antojo, política y militarmente. Hacia mediados del siglo XVIII, la influencia de los embajadores y enviados de Rusia a Polonia podía compararse con la de los virreyes coloniales, y los rusos consideraban la Mancomunidad una especie de protectorado.
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Bachelor's degree - University of Granada
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Years of experience: 3. Registered at ProZ.com: Nov 2022.
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