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English (monolingual) Spanish to Portuguese Spanish to English Portuguese to Spanish English to Spanish Portuguese to Creoles & Pidgins (Portuguese-based Other)
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English to Portuguese - Rates: 0.10 - 0.17 USD per word / 45 - 60 USD per hour / 0.75 - 1.00 USD per audio/video minute Portuguese to English - Rates: 0.10 - 0.17 USD per word / 45 - 60 USD per hour / 0.75 - 1.00 USD per audio/video minute Portuguese - Rates: 0.10 - 0.17 USD per word / 45 - 60 USD per hour / 0.75 - 1.00 USD per audio/video minute English - Rates: 0.10 - 0.17 USD per word / 45 - 60 USD per hour / 0.75 - 1.00 USD per audio/video minute Spanish to Portuguese - Rates: 0.10 - 0.17 USD per word / 45 - 60 USD per hour / 0.75 - 1.00 USD per audio/video minute
Spanish to English - Rates: 0.10 - 0.17 USD per word / 45 - 60 USD per hour / 0.75 - 1.00 USD per audio/video minute Portuguese to Spanish - Rates: 0.10 - 0.17 USD per word / 45 - 60 USD per hour / 0.75 - 1.00 USD per audio/video minute English to Spanish - Rates: 0.10 - 0.17 USD per word / 45 - 60 USD per hour / 0.75 - 1.00 USD per audio/video minute Portuguese to Creoles & Pidgins (Portuguese-based Other) - Rates: 0.10 - 0.17 USD per word / 45 - 60 USD per hour / 0.75 - 1.00 USD per audio/video minute
Portuguese to English: Do Mel ao Veneno General field: Science Detailed field: Agriculture
Source text - Portuguese Apesar do entendimento composto pela ANVISA de que agrotóxicos "cujas características causem danos ao meio ambiente" sejam proibídos em território nacional, as abelhas estão agora entrando em abrupto declínio de sua população com a causa, comprovada por milhares de artigos científicos internacionais, diretamente relacionada ao uso de agrotóxicos do grupo neonicotinóide, inseticida derivado da nicotina, foi provado que esses agrotóxicos causam transtornos no sistema nervoso das abelhas, as impedindo de funcionar corretamente, o que compromete a colméia como um todo, podendo muitas vezes dizimá-la completamente, tal fenômeno ficou conhecido como Distúrbio do Colapso das Colônias.
Contudo, numa publicação referente ao Workshop de 2014 denominado "Relação Produtiva entre Agricultura e Apicultura", sobre a supervisão da EMBRAPA e realizado pela SBDA (Sociedade Brasileira de Defesa Agropecuária), se procurou amenizar os riscos do uso deste agrotóxico com menções de descrédito à certas denúncias ao mesmo afirmando não haverem "estudos conclusivos" o suficiente para seu desuso, o pesquisador Marcos Botton, um dos que saíram em em defesa do neonicotinóide, afirmou que no Brasil já haviam se perdido pelos menos 7 inseticidas no setor de frutas das regiões subtropicais e temperadas nos últimos 6 anos, dando uma maior ênfase à falta de alternativas para combater as pragas, todavia o pesquisador Pedro Yamamoto, também presente no Wokshop e mesmo favorável ao uso deste agrotóxico, reforçou o problema dos efeitos subletais dos neonicotinóides sobre as abelhas, isto é, seus efeitos letais de forma indireta, alertando ser necessário um maior investimento em pesquisas na área para alcançar uma mitigação de riscos adequada.
Tal Workshop se deu após o IBAMA em 2013 restringir o uso deste agrotóxico, pelo menos como medida cautelar, mas sendo rigorosamente rechaçado por estes mesmos pesquisadores que não queriam correr o risco de perder algumas safras em busca de medidas menos invasivas.
Dra Maria Cecília de Lima, pesquisadora do IBAMA, relata, num estudo sobre os mais variados agrotóxicos e seus efeitos na abelhas, que "o início da comercialização da Clotianidina, semelhante ao que ocorreu com o Imidacloprido, coincidiu com eventos de mortandade de abelhas, o que levantou suspeitas sobre esse produto e os demais neonicotinoides, classe de inseticidas também associada à Desordem do Colapso da Colônia, que abrange a Clotianidina, o Imidacloprido e o Tiametoxam. Mas, diferentemente dos piretroides, isso levou vários países a suspenderem todos ou alguns usos desses agrotóxicos.", isso ainda em 2008.
Desde então o uso dos neonicotinóides não sofreu mais nenhuma restrição por parte da ANVISA ou IBAMA, devo inclusive mencionar os casos de perdas massivas de colméias no Sul do Brasil em 2019, em regiões próximas ao uso destes agrotóxicos em questão, como foi o caso de abelhas mortas detectadas em mais de 600 colméias na cidade de Cruz Alta, logo após a morte de abelhas em 108 colméias na cidade de São José das Missões e mais 80 colméias em Ijuí, tudo isto apenas no interior Gaúcho neste mesmo ano.
Embora a própria União Européia tenha proibido permanentemente o uso destes agrotóxicos com exceção de estufas desde o dia 1º de Dezembro de 2018 em vias de preservar a presença das abelhas no continente, ainda existem pesquisadores brasileiros, até mesmo toxicólogos, que persistem na temática de que os estudos contrários são inconclusivos e que a dependência do agricultor brasileiro deste inseticida é quase absoluto no momento.
É de interesse do leitor lembrar que as abelhas são responsáveis não só pela produção de um dos alimentos mais benéficos a saúde que é o seu mel, como também pela manutenção da polinização de inúmeras plantas, muitas das quais servem de base na nossa pirâmide alimentar. Um outro artigo do pesquisador Decio L. Gazzoni, publicado em 2014 também supervisionado pela Embrapa, relata que "cerca de 800 plantas cultivadas necessitam de serviço de polinização em algum grau e 74 delas produzem alimentos de largo consumo.", sendo portanto esclarecido o qual urgente é defender as abelhas, que são as principais responsáveis pela polinização.
Considerando, em análise final, que a produção de alimentos livre de pragas também seja de grande preocupação ao governo, a solução para esta crise se encontra na criação e inserção de novos inseticidas menos invasivos, além da manutenção mais segura dos que já são utilizados, com aplicações mais atentas às estações e regiões de alcance, pois mais importante que produzir em grande escala para atender uma demanda cada vez maior é garantir a biodiversidade e integridade do que está sendo produzido, quando alimentos pobres em nutrientes não compensam pela sua quantidade.
Translation - English Despite the understanding composed by ANVISA that pesticides "whose characteristics cause damage to the environment" are prohibited in the national territory, the bees are now entering in an abrupt decline of their population with the cause, proven by thousands of international scientific articles, directly related to the use of pesticides of the neonicotinoid group, It has been proven that these pesticides cause disturbances in the nervous system of bees, preventing them from functioning properly, which compromises the hive as a whole, often completely decimating it, this phenomenon became known as Colony Collapse Disorder.
However, in a publication related to the 2014 Workshop called "Productive Relationship between Agriculture and Apiculture," under the supervision of EMBRAPA and held by SBDA (Brazilian Society for Agricultural Defense), sought to mitigate the risks of using this pesticide with mentions of discredit to certain complaints to the same stating that there are no "conclusive studies" enough for its disuse, the researcher Marcos Botton, one of those who came out in defense of the neonicotinoid, stated that in Brazil, at least 7 insecticides had already been lost in the fruit sector in subtropical and temperate regions in the last 6 years, emphasizing the lack of alternatives to combat pests, however, researcher Pedro Yamamoto, also present at the workshop and although he was also in favor of the use of this agrotoxin, he reinforced the problem of the sublethal effects of neonicotinoids on bees, that is, their lethal effects in an indirect way, warning of the need for greater investment in research in the area to achieve adequate risk mitigation.
This Workshop took place after IBAMA in 2013 restricted the use of this pesticide, at least as a precautionary measure, but being rigorously rejected by these same researchers who did not want to risk losing some crops in search of less invasive measures.
Dr. Maria Cecília de Lima, IBAMA researcher, reports, in a study on various pesticides and their effects on bees, that "the beginning of commercialization of Clothianidin, similar to what happened with Imidacloprid, coincided with bee mortality events, which raised suspicions about this product and the other neonicotinoids, a class of insecticides also associated with Colony Collapse Disorder, which includes Clothianidin, Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam. But unlike the pyrethroids, this has led several countries to suspend all or some use of these pesticides," as recently as 2008.
Since then the use of neonicotinoids has not suffered any further restriction by ANVISA or IBAMA, I should even mention the cases of massive losses of beehives in the South of Brazil in 2019, in regions close to the use of these pesticides in question, as was the case of dead bees detected in more than 600 hives in the city of Cruz Alta, soon after the death of bees in 108 hives in the city of São José das Missões and another 80 hives in Ijuí, all this only in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul in the same year.
Although the European Union itself has permanently banned the use of these pesticides with the exception of greenhouses since December 1, 2018 in order to preserve the presence of bees on the continent, there are still Brazilian researchers, even toxicologists, who persist on the theme that contrary studies are inconclusive and that the dependence of the Brazilian farmer on this insecticide is almost absolute at the moment.
It is of interest to the reader to remember that bees are responsible not only for producing one of the most beneficial foods to health that is their honey, but also for maintaining the pollination of countless plants, many of which serve as the basis of our food pyramid. Another article by researcher Decio L. Gazzoni, published in 2014 also supervised by EMBRAPA, reports that "about 800 cultivated plants need pollination service to some degree and 74 of them produce widely consumed foods.", thus being clarified how urgent it is to defend bees, which are primarily responsible for pollination.
Considering, in final analysis, that the production of pest-free food is also of great concern to the government, the solution to this crisis lies in the creation and insertion of new, less invasive insecticides, in addition to the safer maintenance of those already in use, with applications that are more attentive to the seasons and regions of reach, because more important than producing on a large scale to meet an increasing demand is to ensure the biodiversity and integrity of what is being produced, when nutrient-poor food does not compensate for its quantity.
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Years of experience: 7. Registered at ProZ.com: May 2022.
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Bio
I lived in Portugal for some years, so I can
safely say that my array of Portuguese translations doe not limit
itself to Brazilian Portuguese only, I also lived in Netherlands where
English was my sole language of use instead of Dutch, which improved my
conversation skills quite considerably in this language. In addition
I've been doing translations of my own journalistic articles from
Portuguese to English and vice-versa, also from Spanish to English, in
order to reach further viewers and a broader audience and I also have
experience subtitling for personal purposes. I already have experience
working as translator of movie scripts here in Brazil, and interpreter
for foreigners I've guided through my native city during holidays when I
used to help as a tourist guide and by receiving foreigners in
ecological hostels deep in the countryside of Brazil where I worked as
administrative assistant.
Apart from all that I'm also quite confidant that I can work with
dubbing and voice-over, since my voice has a good tone and my
pronunciation can be eloquent enough. So in short, I may not look like
much without an extensive professional portfolio to show, but I can
vouch I'm more than qualified for the job using my own experience to
prove it. Here is me hoping any possible hirers will see my worth with
I've shown thus far.
Ps.: I can certainly translate up to 4 thousand words per day at smaller rates if needed be.
Expertise