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- Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
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- İçerisinde başta kalsiyum ve magnezyum tuzları olmak üzere nispeten yüksek miktarda çözünmüş tuz içeren su. DSİ Hidroloji Sözlüğü - by Selcuk Akyuz
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- Evsel kullanımlarda ise; sert su ile yıkanan giysiler, zamanla, solar ve sertleşir. - CRS
by Selcuk Akyuz - Sert sular özellikle mutfak yağlarıyla birleşerek giderlerde tıkanmayı hızlandırır - arsimak
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- 硬水是含有較多可溶性鈣、鎂等化合物的水。所有自然的淡水中都多多少少含有鈣、鎂等礦物質的, 比方說如果水流過石灰, 硬度就會增加;而如果流過泥煤, 硬度就會下降。
维基百科 - by Han Li
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- 所谓"硬水"是指水中所溶的矿物质成分多,尤其是钙和镁。硬水并不对健康造成直接危害,但是会给生活带来好多麻烦,比如用水器具上结水垢、肥皂和清洁剂的洗涤效率减低等。
- 东利网
by Han Li - 钙镁离子含量较多的水称为硬水,钙镁离子含量较少的水称为软水。硬水与软水只是通俗上的叫法,并没有标准的量的概念,在生活中,行内一般把硬度低于3mmol/L的水称为较软的水,3-6称为普通水,6-8称为较硬的水,10以上称为高硬水。
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- Твърда вода е вода с високо съдържание на минерали, обикновено калциеви и магнезиеви (Mg2+) йони, и в някои случаи други разтворени елементи като бикарбонати и сулфати. Противоположното понятие е мека вода - вода с ниско минерално съдържание.
Калцият във водата обикновено се намира или като калциев карбонат (CaCO3) или като калциев сулфат (CaSO4). Wikipedia - by bibienne (X)
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- Твърда вода е вода с високо съдържание на минерали, обикновено калциеви и магнезиеви (Mg2+) йони, и в някои случаи други разтворени елементи като бикарбонати и сулфати.
- Wikipedia
by bibienne (X) - Ефективността на перилните препарати при употреба в твърда вода се понижава многократно, в резултат на получаването на неразтворими калциеви и магнезиеви соли на висшите мастни киселини. - Internetreklama
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- Woda twarda – woda zawierająca znaczne stężenie soli różnych metali, a zwłaszcza wapnia i magnezu, np. chlorków, siarczanów (VI), wodorowęglanów wapnia i magnezu. Podczas gotowania wody twardej powstaje tzw. kamień kotłowy, tj. nierozpuszczalny osad węglanu wapnia lub magnezu. Taka woda może powodować różne usterki na urządzeniach elektrycznych np. pralce, czajniku elektrycznym. wikipedia - by Igoraczi
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