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- Кальдера (Исп. caldera - "большой котел") - крупная вулканическая форма рельефа, образующаяся при взрыве, провале, или оседании большой территории вокруг эруптивного центра во время или сразу после вулканического извержения. Обычно имеет круглую форму и имеет крутые стенки. От кратера вулкана отличается гораздо большими размерами. GeoWiki - by Larissa Brandt
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Compare [close] - Serbian
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- Калдера је велики морфолошки облик вулкана, сличан кратеру али много већих димензија, обично пречника неколико километара. Овај облик настаје урушавањем вулканске купе након вулканске ерупције. Реч калдера долази од шпанске речи caldera што значи „котао“. Wikipedia - by Mira Stepanovic
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- Ogromne količine lave, koje su za relativno kratko vreme emitovane u vidu rastresitih piroklastita, učinile su magmatske rezervoare u plitkim delovima Zemljine kore delimično ispražnjenim, a to je često dovodilo do sleganja tla i obrazovanja cirkularnih depresija koje nazivamo kalderama. U Srbiji su veoma dobro očuvane gajtanska kaldera u leckom vulkanogenom kompleksu, kao i više manjih kaldera u rudničko-boračko-kotleničkoj provinciji. - Znanje.org
 by Mira Stepanovic - Novonastali uslovi, toplo i plitko more, bili su idealni za stvaranje kolonija sprudova na prostranim površinama vulkanskih kaldera ili zarubljenih vulkanskih aparata. - SciTech by Mira Stepanovic
- Erupcije vulkana iz davnih vremena mogu se videti danas u obilku kaldera. To su veliki okrugli ožiljci, često prečnika nekoliko kilometara, ostali nakon erupcija vulkana u proslosti. - MyCity by Mira Stepanovic
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Note added at 3 days2 hrs (2009-08-04 20:29:23 GMT)
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Haroun Tazieff, le plus célèbre volcanologue français, sait quand même de quoi il parle :
"L.A.V.E.: le site; Bibliographie et Filmographie d'Haroun Tazieff
Liste bibliographique d'Haroun Tazieff. ... 1968 - MARINELLI G. et TAZIEFF H. - L'ignimbrite et la caldera du Batur (Bali, Indonésie). Bull. Volc. vol. ..."
http://www.lave-volcans.com/gdesfig_tazieff_bibli.php
"Le volcan s'effondre et se transforme en caldera" wikipedia - by FX Fraipont (X)
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- Grande dépression volcanique plus ou moins circulaire ; le diamètre d'une caldera peut atteindre 25 kilomètres sur Terre (la plus grande caldera connue dans ...
- Universalis by FX Fraipont (X)
- 19 mai 2009 ... Une caldera est classiquement liée à une éruption volcanique : la chambre magmatique située à quelques kilomètres de profondeur peut, ...
- wiktionary by FX Fraipont (X)
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Compare [close] - Catalan
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- Depressió d'origen volcànic, generalment de grans dimensions, de forma el·líptica o circular, de parets abruptes i de fons gairebé pla, que es pot formar per la coalescència de diversos cràters, per l'esfondrament del sostre d'una cambra magmàtica, per l'erosió de les parets d'un cràter, per una erupció explosiva, etc. Termcat - by Carolina Bordonado Rodríguez
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- Depressió d'origen volcànic, generalment de grans dimensions, de forma el·líptica o circular, de parets abruptes i de fons gairebé pla, que es pot formar per la coalescència de diversos cràters, per l'esfondrament del sostre d'una cambra magmàtica, per l'erosió de les parets d'un cràter, per una erupció explosiva, etc. - Termcat by Carolina Bordonado Rodríguez
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Compare [close] - English
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- A vast depression at the top of a volcanic cone, formed when an eruption substantially empties the reservoir of magma beneath the cone's summit. Eventually the summit collapses inward, creating a caldera. A caldera may be more than 15 kilometers in diameter and more than 1000 meters deep. CENGAGE Learning
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- Subsequent eruptions from the Long Valley magma chamber were confined within the caldera with extrusions of relatively hot (crystal-free) rhyolite 700,000 to 600,000 years ago as the caldera floor was upwarped to form the resurgent dome followed by extrusions of cooler, crystal-rich moat rhyolite at 200,000-year intervals (500,000, 300,000, and 100,000 years ago) in clockwise succession around the resurgent dome. - USGS
- Calderas tend to form after a series of large eruptions. Usually a new volcano starts to grow inside, eventually covering it. - About.com: Geology
- Over the course of several hundred years following the creation of the caldera, rain and snow filled the basin to a depth of 1,943 feet (592 meters). Crater Lake today is the nation’s deepest lake. - Crater lake
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- カルデラとは，ポルトガル語で「大鍋」の意味を持ち，火山に見られる巨大な凹みである．巨大とは概ね直径2km以上のものを指す．隕石が衝突してできたクレーターとは明瞭に区別される．地下からマグマが一斉に噴出することで，地表が陥没するものを「陥没カルデラ」と呼ぶ．巨大噴火でできるカルデラは，陥没カルデラであることが多い．言い換えれば，カルデラの存在は，火山が過去に巨大噴火を起こしたことの証明である． 日本地質学会 - by nordlys75
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