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Source text - English Schizophrenia is a term for a group of mental disorders marked by a variety of symptoms. Literally, the term means "split mind", but contrary to a common misconception, schizophrenia does not imply a split personality, in the sense of someone acting like two different people. Not until the 20th century was schizophrenia distinguished from other forms of psychosis.
Symptoms
Symptoms of schizophrenia, only some of which are present in any one individual, occur in thoughts, perceptions, feelings, movements, and interpersonal relationships. Thought disorders may be observed as a failure to make logical connections or by the development of delusions. Hallucinations –particularly hearing one's thoughts spoken aloud or hearing imaginary voices giving commands or making comments— are the principal perceptual problems. Emotional reactions to a situation appear to observers to be either flat or inappropiate. Disturbances in movement may appear as catatonia (a rare condition in which the patient maintains a rigid posture) or, more commonly, as apparently purposeless, excited movements that have a repetitive sameness about them. Relationships with others are usually disturbed, often because the schizophrenic person tends to be withdrawn.
Translation - Spanish Esquizofrenia es el nombre que se le asigna a un conjunto de trastornos mentales caracterizados por presentar una gran variedad de síntomas. Este término significa literalmente "mente dividida", pero contrariamente a la creencia popular la esquizofrenia no implica una doble personalidad con el sentido de que un individuo actúa como dos personas distintas. Recién en el siglo XX, se diferenció la esquizofrenia de otras formas de psicosis.
Sintomatología
Los síntomas de la esquizofrenia –sólo algunos están presentes en un mismo individuo— tienen lugar en los pensamientos, las percepciones, las sensaciones, los movimientos, y las relaciones interpersonales. Las distorsiones del pensamiento pueden notarse al no lograr hacer asociaciones lógicas o al tener delirios. Por otra parte, las alucinaciones –especialmente las que conciernen oír los propios pensamientos en voz alta u oír voces imaginarias que dan órdenes o hacen comentarios—son las principales alteraciones de la percepción. A la vista de los demás las reacciones emotivas ante una situación parecen ser o aplanadas o inadecuadas. Los problemas motrices pueden incluir catatonía (un extraño cuadro en el que el paciente mantiene una postura rígida) o más comúnmente, movimientos bruscos monótonos y repetitivos. Por lo general, las relaciones con los demás se ven alteradas, a menudo debido a que el esquizofrénico tiende a aislarse.
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Experience
Years of experience: 16. Registered at ProZ.com: Apr 2009.
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