Korean to English translator specializing in Business,IT

Member since Mar '19

Working languages:

Korean to English
English to Korean

Michael Choi
Korean Linguist, subtitler

Seoul, Soul-t'ukpyolsi, South Korea

Local time: 13:36 KST (GMT+9)

Native in: Korean

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Subtitling, Translation

Specializes in:
Gaming/Video-games/E-sports	Business/Commerce (general)
Internet, e-Commerce	Computers: Hardware
IT (Information Technology)	Medical: Health Care

Open to considering volunteer work for registered non-profit organizations

Korean to English - Standard rate: 0.10 USD per character / 15 USD per hour

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Sample translations submitted: 3

Korean to English: Korean->English translation(Tax returns documents)
Source text - Korean 소득세법 시행규칙 [별지 제24호서식소 1〉1〈2017.03,10 개정〉 다 쪽) 위의 원천징수액〈 근로소득) 을정히 영수〈 지급) 합니다. 국민건강보험료: 10,593,780 원 장기요양보험료: 265,220 원 고용보험료: 195,000 원 국민연금보험료; 2,609,380 원 검정임 귀하 2018 년 징수(보고) 의무자 02 월 (주) 에이 김정임 나명 또는 인) 61 [시 근로소득 원천징수영수증 I 3 근로소득 지 급 명 세 서 ([사]소득자보관용【】발^자보관용【】맨!자보고용) 거주구분 0 주자비거주자2 거^^ 국 대한민국 주지국코드 \| I班 내，외국인 (广내폐!) 외국인9 외국인단일세율적용 예 외국법인소속파견근로자여부 예 X향"3~ 국적 1 대한민국 국적코드 \| 대 세대주여부 斗厂세대주세대원2 연^정산구분 ^ 극속근학) 중도퇴사2 징 수 의^4 ①법인명(상호) (주)에이팩 ②대표자(성 명) 김정임 ③사업자등록번호 417-81-35410 ④주민등록번호 歎-1 사업자단위과세자여부 예 /(통) @2 종사업장 일련번호 ⑤소재 지( 주쇠 서울특별시 강남구 언주로 120 (도곡동, 인스토피아) 소득자 ⑥성 명 김정임 ⑦주민(외국인)등록번호 650803-2057611 ⑧주 소 구 분 주(현) 종(전) 종(전) 납세조합 합계 ⑨근무처명 (주) 에이팩 (주) 에스이에스 ⑯사업자등록번호 417-81-35410 417-81-49501 ⑪근무기 간 2017.01.01 ~ 2017.12.31 2017.02.01 ~ 2017.12.31 ⑫감 면 기 간 서 서 여 사 ⑬급 여 162,848,884 33,000,000 195,848,884 ⑯상 여 63,992,380 14,100,000 78,092,380 ⑯인 정 상 여 어 주식매수선택권행사이 익 聲2 우리사주조합^출금 임원 퇴직소득금액 한도초과액 ⑯ 계 226,841,264 47,100,000 273,941,264 @비고ᅡ세소득 계 감연^득계 구 분 ⑬소득세 ⑬지방소^세 數농어촌특별세 ⑫결정세액 69,373,339 6,937,333 3 획 @종(전) 근무지 (결정세액란의 세액을적습니다) ^ 땝자 등록 I 번호 417-81-49501 2,964,982 296,498 妙주(현) 근무지 49,876,260 4,987,580 @납부특례세액 ⑯차감징수세액(聲，聲爲 16,532,090 1,653,250 2100101X297^111【백상지 80〇7 미，] —근무처별소득명세 사바과세 및 감면소득명세 III세액명세 段총급여〈錢다만외국인단일 세율 적용시에는 연간 근로소득) 273,941,264 錢^로소득공제 18,228,825 ⑬근로소득금액 255,712,439 기 效본 인 1,500,000 본 공 ⑮배 우 자 司 ⑯부잉가족《〇 명) ⑫경로우대《〇 명) 추 카 ⑭장 애 인《〇 명) 공 춰 錢부 녀 자 錢) 한부모가족 연 금 보 험 료 공 춰 ⑯국민연금보험료 2,609,380 ⑪공무원연금 (寒) 공적 연금 보험료 妙 군인연금 종 @사립학교교직원연금 段별정우체국연금 합 ⑬ ⑪건강보험료【노인장기요양 보험료포^') 10,859,000 IV 소 보험료 砂고용보험료 195,000 드 ⑪주택임차 차입금원리 금상환액 대^^ 관 정 공 거^4 트 별 소 15년 미만 제 親1전 15-29년 산 30 년이상 명 드 逆) 必 장기 2012년이후 차입분 고정금리이거나 비거치상환대출 공 주택 주택저 당차입 (새년이상) 그밖의 대출 제 자금 금이자 ^횐액 고정금리이면서， 비거치상환대출 세 2015년 이후 차입분 15년 이상 고정금리이거나 비거치상환대출 그밖의대출 10년 ~15년 고정금리이거나 비거치상환대출 固기부금(이월분) ⑯계 11,054,000 ⑯차감소득금액 240,549,059 錢개인연금저축 ⑩소기업 ᅳ 소상공인공제부금 그 敬 청익저축 했厂厂러 마련저축 나、드그1피 1 必주택청약종^저축 밖 의 一\| @근로자주택마련저축 @투자조합출자등 소 드 공 錢신용카드 등사용액 2,091,060 ⑬우리사주조합출연금 司 ⑭고용유지 중소기업 근로자 錢장기잡합투자증권저축 後그밖의 소득공제 계 2,091,060 數소득공제 종합한도^과액 내뛰 238,457,999 錢산 출 세 액 71,214,039 錢)「소득세법」 @「조세특례제한법」【受)제외) (受)「조세특례제한법」제30조 錢 조세조약 致)세액 감면 계 錢 근로소득 錢자녀 공제대상자네 〇 명) 6세이3싸 〇 명) 출산，입양자( 0 명) 通) 과학기술인공제 錢「근로자퇴직급여보장 법」에 따른퇴직연금 錢) 연^저축 (⑩보험료 ^장성 觀전용 ⑬의^비 @교육〇 \| ⑪정치 자금 기^^ 1〇？\|닌 聲원 功법정기부금 通우리사주조합 기부금(2015년이후 기부분) 1ᄌ慕圍) 13額？ ^제대상금액 세액^^ 액 ^제대상금액 세액^^ 액 ^제대상금액 세액^^ 액 ^제대상금액 세액^^ 액 ^제대상금액 세액^^ 액 ^제대상금액 세액^^ 액 ^제대상금액 세액^^ 액 ^제대상금액 세액^^ 액 공제대상금액 세액^^ 액 ^제대상금액 세액^^ 액 ^제대상금액 세액^^ 액 ^제대상금액 세액^^ 액 ^제대상금액 세액^^ 액 錢표준세액공제 錢납세조합공제 @주택^ᅡ입금 錢 외국납부 ⑯월세액 ^제대상금액 세액^^ 액 逆세액공제계 逆결정세액《受나 致ᄃ 後) 500,000 7,000,000 840,000 2,268,000 340,200 1,070,000 160,500 500,700 1,840,700 69,373,339 210^X297111111 1809/^*1 ^—一—一一一^——一一—一一————一——一—一으뜨 ⑪소득 傷 서뺌공제 명세인적공제항목은해당란에11011 표시〈 장애인 해당시 해당코드를기재) 를하며, 각종소득 醫 세액공제 항목은공제를위하여 실제 지출한금액을적습니다. 1 인적^제 항목――一——^각종소득공저 ᅳ세액공제 항목 관계 〒”: 성 명 31 경로 우대 출산 입양 자료 구분 보험료 의^이 비 신용카드 등사용액공제 기^^ 내. 외 국인 주민등록번호 부 奇 자 한 부 5 장 애 인 6 세 이하 건강 ᅳ ^용등 ^장성 智 시요카〔 교통비 제외) 직불카드 등 (전통시장, 대 중교통비 제외) 현금영수증 (전통사장/1 중교통비권외) 전통시장 사용액 대^^통 이^^ 인적공제 항목에 해당 하는 안원수를 기재 (자^ 0 명) 1 〇 0 국세청 2,343,413 2,268,000 97,182,407 81,580 4,796,030 10,100 217,550 1,070,000 0 〇〇 0 기타 11,054,000 0 김정임 0 국세청 2,343,413 2,268,000 97,182,407 81,580 4,796,030 10,100 217,550 1,070,000 1 650803-2057611 기타 11,054,000 국세청 기타 국세청 기타 국세청 기타 국세청 기타 국세청 기타 국세청 기타 국세청 기타 국세청 기타 국세청 기타 국세청 기타 국세청 기타 국세청 기타 국세청 기타 내 쪽) 연금. 저축등소득. 세액 공제명세서 ①상호 (주) 에이팩 ②사업자등록번호 417-81-35410 ③성 명 김정임 ④주민 등록 번호 650803-2057611 ⑤주 소 (전히번호: 스 ⑥ 업장소재지 서울특별시 강남구 언주로120 (도곡동, 인스토피아) (전화번호: 02-577-1801 ) 1. 인적사항 2, 연금계좌세액공제 퇴직연금계좌 ^ 퇴직연금 공제에 대한명세를 작성합니다. 퇴직연금구분 금융회사등 계좌번호 소 ^는증권번호) 납입금액 세액^제금액 근로자퇴직급여 빼하나은행(구) 주식화사하나은행 18091004800252 7,000,000 840,000 이 연금저축계좌 잇 연금저축계조!에 대한명세를작성합니다. 연^저축구분 금융회사등 계조I번호 는증권번호) 납입금액 소득 ᅳ 세액공제금액 3, 주택〇[련저축소득공제 , 주택미련저축 소득공제에 대한명세를 작성합니다. 저축 구분 금융회사등 계좌번호 소 ^는 증권번호) 남입금액 4, 장기집합투자증권저축^득공제 ^ 장기집합투작증권저축 소득공제에 대한명 세를 작성합니다. 금융회사등 계좌번호 는 증권번호) 납입금액 독공제금액 작성방법 1, 연금계좌세액공제 , 주택마련저축 훨 장기집합투자증권저축 소득공제를 받는 소득자에 대해서는 해당소득 ^ 세액공제에 대한명세롤 작성해야 합니다. 해당계좌별로불입금액과소득，세액공제금액을 적고，공제금액이 영〈 이 인 경우에는적지 않습니다. 2, 퇴직연금계좌에서 " 퇴직연금구분" 란은퇴직연금(확정기여형( 的), 개인형〈 I 내)》ᅳ 과학기술인공제회로 구분하여 적습니다. 3, 연금저축계피II서 " 연금저축구분" 란은개인연금저축과연금저축으로 구분하여 적습니다. 4, 주택마련저축 소득공제의 " 저축구분" 란은 청익저축, 주택청약종합저축 및 근로XI주택미련저축으로 구분하여 적습니다. 210^X297^ I백상지 80〇7	Translation - English Income tax enforcement regulations[An enclosure No.24 Form(1)]〈2017.03.10 Revision〉 (1 Page) Management Number [  ] Earned Income Invoice of withholding Tax [ ] Earned Income Particulars of account ( [  ] For income earner [ ] For issuer [ ] For record of issuer ) Residential Status Resident1 / Non-resident2 Country of residence Republic of Korea Country code of residence KR Local,Foreigner (Local1) / Foreigner9 Application of Foreigner single tariff Yes 1 / No 2 Dispatched worker at Foreign branch or not Yes 1 / No 2 Country of residence Republic of Korea Country code of residence KR Householder or not Householder1 / Family member2 Year-end tax adjustment division Continuous employment 1 / Resignation of mid way through 2 Person liable for collection ① Corporate Name (Company Name) (주)에이팩 ② Representative(Name) Jeong Im Kim ③ Corporate registration number 417-81-35410 ④ Resident registration number ③-1 Per-business unit levier or not Yes 1 / No 2 ③-2 Serial number of Minor place of business ⑤ Location(Address) Seoul Gangname-gu Unju-ro 120(Dogok-dong,Instopia) Earner ⑥ Name Jeong Im Kim ⑦ Resident(Foreigner) registration number 650803-2057611 ⑧ Address ㅣ Income statement per office Division (Current) (Previous) (Previous) ⑯-1Tax association Total ⑨ Office name (주) 에이팩 (주) 에스이에스 ⑩ Corporate registration number 417-81-35410 417-81-49501 ⑪ Work period 2017.01.01 ~ 2017.12.31 2017.02.01 ~ 2017.12.31 ~ ~ ⑫ Reduction period ~ ~ ~ ~ ⑬ Salary 162,848,884 33,000,000 195,848,884 ⑭ Bonus 63,992,380 14,100,000 78,092,380 ⑮ Constructive bonus ⑮-1 Stock purchase option benefit ⑮-2 Employee stock option association drawings ⑮-3 Exceeding of limit amount of retirement income amount of executive ⑮-4 ⑯ Total 226,841,264 47,100,000 273,941,264 II Tax exemption and reduction and exemption from income statement ⑳ Non-taxable Income total ㉑-1 Reduction and exemption from income total III Tax amount statement Division ○78Income Tax ○79Local income tax ○80Farming and fishing villages special tax ○72The settled tax amount 69,373,339 6,937,333 Pre payment tax amount due ○73Previous place of work(write down tax amount of the settled tax amount blank ) Corporate registration number 417-81-49501 2,964,982 296,498 ○74Current place of work 49,876,260 4,987,580 ○75Tax amount due of a special case ○76Deductible tax amount(○72- ○73- ○74- ○75) 16,532,090 1,653,250 Receive(pay) the withholding tax(earned income) above. National Health Insurance premium: 10,593,780WON Long-term care premium:265,220WON Employment premium:195,000WON National pension premium:2,609,380WON Dear Jeong Im Kim February 28,2018 (주)에이팩 Jeong Im Kim (Signature) 210mm X 297mm [ White paper80g/m2 ] IV Settlement statement ○21Total salary(○16Annual earnings when applying foreigner single tariff) 273,941,264 ○22Earned income deduction 18,228,825 ○23Earned income amount 255,712,439 Exemptions and deductions related to aggregate income Basic deduction ○24Self 1,500,000 ○25Spouse ○26Dependent(0 Person) Additional deduction ○27Senior discount(0 Person) ○28The disabled(0 Person) ○29Woman ○30A single-parent family Pension premium ○31National pension premium 2,609,380 ○32 Public pension premium ○가Public employee pension ○나A military pension ○다Private school staff pension ○라Special post office pension Special income deduction ○33 Premium ○가Health insurance premium(Long-term care premium for the elderly) 10,859,000 ○나Multi-employment premium 195,000 ○34 Housing funds ○가Housing lease payables Principal repayments Lender Resident ○나Long-term home mortgage loan interest repayment Borrowings before 2011 Less than 15 years 15~29 years More than 30 years Borrowings since 2012 (more than 15 years) Fixed rate or non-repayable loans Other loans Borrowings since 2015 More than 15 years Fixed rate and non-repayable loans Fixed rate or non-repayable loans Other loans 10 ~15 years Fixed rate or non-repayable loans ○35Donation(runover) ○36Total 11,054,000 ○37Deduction Income Amount 240,549,059 Other income deductions ○38Personal pension savings ○39Small business.small business person deduction installment ○40Home mortgage savings deduction ○가Subscription savings ○나Apartment application comprehensive savings ○다Home mortgage savings for workers ○41Investment association fund etc. ○42Credit card bills etc. 2,091,060 ○43Employee stock ownership association contributions ○44Employment Retention of SME workers ○45Saving long-term collective investment securities ○46Other income deduction Total 2,091,060 ○47Income deduction total limit exceeded ○48Tax base of global income 238,457,999 ○49Amount of output tax 71,214,039 Tax exemption ○50「Income tax law」 ○51「Restriction of Special Taxation Act」(○52exclusion) ○52「Restriction of Special Taxation Act」(Article 30) ○53Tax treaty ○54Total tax exemption Tax credit ○55Earned income 500,000 ○56Children Children to be deducted(0 Person) Under 6 years(0 Person) DeliveryAdopter(0 Person) Pension account ○57S&T Deduction Amount to be deducted Tax credit ○58Retirement pension according to「Labor Retirement Benefit Guarantee Act」 Amount to be deducted 7,000,000 Tax credit 840,000 ○59Pension savings Amount to be deducted Tax credit Special tax credit ○60Premium Insurance guarantee Amount to be deducted Tax credit Insurance guarantee for the disabled Amount to be deducted Tax credit ○61Medical expenses Amount to be deducted Tax credit ○62Educational expenses Amount to be deducted 2,268,000 Tax credit 340,200 ○63 Donation ○가Political fund contribution Less than 100,000 WON Amount to be deducted Tax credit Over 100,000 WON Amount to be deducted Tax credit ○나Statutory donation Amount to be deducted Tax credit ○다Employee stock ownership association(parts since 2015) Amount to be deducted Tax credit ○라Designated donation(Excluding religious group) Amount to be deducted Tax credit ○마Designated donation(religious group) Amount to be deducted 1,070,000 Tax credit 160,500 ○64Total 500,700 ○65Standard Tax Credit ○66Tax association deduction ○67House borrowing ○68Foreign payment ○69Monthly amount Amount to be deducted Tax credit ○70Total tax credit 1,840,700 ○71The settled tax amount( ○49- ○54- ○70- ) 69,373,339 210mm X 297mm [ White paper 80g/m2 ] ○77Income tax,tax credit[Various kinds income,tax credit writes down actual spend amount for deduction,and personal allowance items sign “0” in relevant blank(relevant code mark for the disabled)] Personal allowance item Various income deduction.Tax credit item Relationship code Name Basic deduction Senior discount Delivery Adoption Data classification Premium Medical expenses Educational expenses Credit card bills deduction.etc Donation Local.Foreigner Resident registration number Woman Single parent The disabled Under 6 years For health.common use,etc. Insurance guarantee Disabled people only Credit card (traditional market,public transportation fee exclusion) Debit card (traditional market,public transportation fee exclusion) Cash receipts(traditional market,public transportation exclusion) Traditional market bills Public transportation bills List the number of persons corresponding to personal allowance item (Children 0 Person) 1 0 0 National Tax Service 2,343,413 2,268,000 97,182,407 81,580 4,796,030 10,100 217,550 1,070,000 0 0 0 0 The others 11,054,000 0 Jeong Im Kim 0 National Tax Service 2,343,413 2,268,000 97,182,407 81,580 4,796,030 10,100 217,550 1,070,000 1 650803-2057611 The others 11,054,000 National Tax Service The others National Tax Service The others National Tax Service The others National Tax Service The others National Tax Service The others National Tax Service The others National Tax Service The others National Tax Service The others National Tax Service The others National Tax Service The others National Tax Service The others National Tax Service The others National Tax Service The others Pension.savings income.tax credit statement 1. Personal Data ① Company Nmae (주)에이팩 ② Corporate registration number 417-81-35410 ③ Name Jeong Im Kim ④ Resident registration number 650803-2057611 ⑤ Address ( Tel: ) ⑥ Business location:Seoul Gangnam-gu Unju-ro 120(Dogok-dong,Instopia) ( Tel: 02-577-1801 ) 2. Pension account tax credit 1) Retirement pension account * Create a specification for retirement pension deductions Retirement Pension Division Financial company ,etc. Account Number (or securities number) Payment amount Tax credit amount Employee retirement benefits KEB Hana Bank 18091004800252 7,000,000 840,000 2) Pension savings account * Create a specification for pension savings account Pension savings division Financial company,etc. Account Number (or securities number) Payment amount Income.tax credit amount 3. Home mortgage savings income tax deduction * Create a specification for home mortgage savings Savings division Financial company,etc. Account number (or securities number) Payment amount Tax credit amount 4. Saving long-term collective investment securities income tax deduction * Create a specification for saving long-term collective investment securities Financial company,etc. Account number (or securities number) Payment amount Income tax deduction How to create 1.The Earner who receive income tax deduction of pension account tax credit,home mortgage savings. saving long-term collective investment securities must create a specification for that income.tax credit.Write down amount transferred and income.tax credit amount by account,Don’t write down in cases deduction amount is 0. 2.From retirement pension account,”retirement pension division” writes down retirement pension{DC,IRP}.Korea Scientists and Engineers Mutual-Aid Association Act partitively 3.From pension savings account,”pension savings division” write down personal pension savings and pension savings partitively. 4.“Savings division”from home mortgage savings income tax deduction write down subscription savings,apartment-application deposit,home mortgage savings for workers partitively 210mm X 297mm [ White paper 80g/m2 ]
English to Korean: eCommerce translation with English to Korean language pairs General field: Bus/Financial Detailed field: Economics
Source text - English Complexity and interconnectedness of global market The robust growth of emerging market economies (EMEs, such as Brazil, Russia, India, and China), beginning in the 1990s, "propelled commodity markets into a supercycle". The size and diversity of commodity markets expanded internationally, and pension funds and sovereign wealth funds started allocating more capital to commodities, in order to diversify into an asset class with less exposure to currency depreciation. In 2012, as emerging-market economies slowed down, commodity prices peaked and started to decline. From 2005 through 2013, energy and metals' real prices remained well above their long-term averages. In 2012, real food prices were their highest since 1982. The price of gold bullion fell dramatically on 12 April 2013 and analysts frantically sought explanations. Rumors spread that the European Central Bank (ECB) would force Cyprus to sell its gold reserves in response to its financial crisis. Major banks such as Goldman Sachs began immediately to short gold bullion. Investors scrambled to liquidate their exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and margin call selling accelerated. George Gero, precious metals commodities expert at the Royal Bank of Canada (RBC) Wealth Management section reported that he had not seen selling of gold bullion as panicked as this in his forty years in commodity markets. The earliest commodity exchange-traded fund (ETFs), such as SPDR Gold Shares NYSE Arca: GLD and iShares Silver Trust NYSE Arca: SLV, actually owned the physical commodities. Similar to these are NYSE Arca: PALL (palladium) and NYSE Arca: PPLT (platinum). However, most Exchange Traded Commodities (ETCs) implement a futures trading strategy. At the time Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev warned that Russia could sink into recession. He argued that "We live in a dynamic, fast-developing world. It is so global and so complex that we sometimes cannot keep up with the changes". Analysts have claimed that Russia's economy is overly dependent on commodities. Contracts in the commodity market A Spot contract is an agreement where delivery and payment either takes place immediately, or with a short lag. Physical trading normally involves a visual inspection and is carried out in physical markets such as a farmers market. Derivatives markets, on the other hand, require the existence of agreed standards so that trades can be made without visual inspection. Standardization US soybean futures, for something else, are of not being standard grade if they are "GMO or a mixture of GMO and Non-GMO No. 2 yellow soybeans of Indiana, Ohio and Michigan origin produced in the U.S.A. (Non-screened, stored in silo)". They are of "deliverable grade" if they are "GMO or a mixture of GMO and Non-GMO No. 2 yellow soybeans of Iowa, Illinois and Wisconsin origin produced in the U.S.A. (Non-screened, stored in silo)". Note the distinction between states, and the need to clearly mention their status as GMO (genetically modified organism) which makes them unacceptable to most organic food buyers. Similar specifications apply for cotton, orange juice, cocoa, sugar, wheat, corn, barley, pork bellies, milk, feed,stuffs, fruits, vegetables, other grains, other beans, hay, other livestock, meats, poultry, eggs, or any other commodity which is so traded. Standardization has also occurred technologically, as the use of the FIX Protocol by commodities exchanges has allowed trade messages to be sent, received and processed in the same format as stocks or equities. This process began in 2001 when the Chicago Mercantile Exchange launched a FIX-compliant interface that was adopted by commodity exchanges around the world. Derivatives Derivatives evolved from simple commodity future contracts into a diverse group of financial instruments that apply to every kind of asset, including mortgages, insurance and many more. Futures contracts, Swaps (1970s-), Exchange-traded Commodities (ETC) (2003-), forward contracts, etc. are examples. They can be traded through formal exchanges or through Over-the-counter (OTC). Commodity market derivatives unlike credit default derivatives for example, are secured by the physical assets or commodities. Forward contracts A forward contract is an agreement between two parties to exchange at some fixed future date a given quantity of a commodity for a price defined when the contract is finalized. The fixed price is known as the forward price. Such forward contracts began as a way of reducing pricing risk in food and agricultural product markets, because farmers knew what price they would receive for their output. Forward contracts for example, were used for rice in seventeenth century Japan. Futures contract Futures contracts are standardized forward contracts that are transacted through an exchange. In futures contracts the buyer and the seller stipulate product, grade, quantity and location and leaving price as the only variable. Agricultural futures contracts are the oldest, in use in the United States for more than 170 years. Modern futures agreements, began in Chicago in the 1840s, with the appearance of the railroads. Chicago, centrally located, emerged as the hub between Midwestern farmers and east coast consumer population centers. Swaps A swap is a derivative in which counterparties exchange the cash flows of one party's financial instrument for those of the other party's financial instrument. They were introduced in the 1970s. Exchange-traded commodities (ETCs) Main article: Exchange-traded product Exchange-traded commodity is a term used for commodity exchange-traded funds (which are funds) or commodity exchange-traded notes (which are notes). These track the performance of an underlying commodity index including total return indices based on a single commodity. They are similar to ETFs and traded and settled exactly like stock funds. ETCs have market maker support with guaranteed liquidity, enabling investors to easily invest in commodities. They were introduced in 2003. At first only professional institutional investors had access, but online exchanges opened some ETC markets to almost anyone. ETCs were introduced partly in response to the tight supply of commodities in 2000, combined with record low inventories and increasing demand from emerging markets such as China and India. Prior to the introduction of ETCs, by the 1990s ETFs pioneered by Barclays Global Investors (BGI) revolutionized the mutual funds industry. By the end of December 2009 BGI assets hit an all-time high of $1 trillion. Gold was the first commodity to be securitised through an Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) in the early 1990s, but it was not available for trade until 2003. The idea of a Gold ETF was first officially conceptualised by Benchmark Asset Management Company Private Ltd in India, when they filed a proposal with the Securities and Exchange Board of India in May 2002. The first gold exchange-traded fund was Gold Bullion Securities launched on the ASX in 2003, and the first silver exchange-traded fund was iShares Silver Trust launched on the NYSE in 2006. As of November 2010 a commodity ETF, namely SPDR Gold Shares, was the second-largest ETF by market capitalization. Generally, commodity ETFs are index funds tracking non-security indices. Because they do not invest in securities, commodity ETFs are not regulated as investment companies under the Investment Company Act of 1940 in the United States, although their public offering is subject to SEC review and they need an SEC no-action letter under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. They may, however, be subject to regulation by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. The earliest commodity ETFs, such as SPDR Gold Shares NYSE Arca: GLD and iShares Silver Trust NYSE Arca: SLV, actually owned the physical commodity (e.g., gold and silver bars). Similar to these are NYSE Arca: PALL (palladium) and NYSE Arca: PPLT (platinum). However, most ETCs implement a futures trading strategy, which may produce quite different results from owning the commodity. Commodity ETFs trade provide exposure to an increasing range of commodities and commodity indices, including energy, metals, softs and agriculture. Many commodity funds, such as oil roll so-called front-month futures contracts from month to month. This provides exposure to the commodity, but subjects the investor to risks involved in different prices along the term structure, such as a high cost to roll. ETCs in China and India gained in importance due to those countries' emergence as commodities consumers and producers. China accounted for more than 60% of exchange-traded commodities in 2009, up from 40% the previous year. The global volume of ETCs increased by a 20% in 2010, and 50% since 2008, to around 2.5 billion million contracts.	Translation - Korean Complexity and interconnectedness of global market 글로벌 시장의 복잡성과 상관성 The robust growth of emerging market economies (EMEs, such as Brazil, Russia, India, and China), beginning in the 1990s, "propelled commodity markets into a supercycle". 1990년에 시작한,신흥시장 경제(브라질,러시아,인도와 중국 같은, EMEs)의 견실한 성장은," 상품 시장을 슈퍼사이클로 몰아대었습니다." The size and diversity of commodity markets expanded internationally, and pension funds and sovereign wealth funds started allocating more capital to commodities, in order to diversify into an asset class with less exposure to currency depreciation. 상품 시장의 규모와 다양성은 국제적으로 확장하였고, 연금과 국부펀드는 통화가치하락에 덜 노출되어 자산계층을 다양화하기 위해,상품에 더 많은 자본을 배분하기 시작하였습니다. In 2012, as emerging-market economies slowed down, commodity prices peaked and started to decline. 2012년,신흥시장 경제가 둔화되면서,상품가격이 최고조에 달했고,감소하기 시작하였습니다. From 2005 through 2013, energy and metals' real prices remained well above their long-term averages. 2005년부터 2013년까지,에너지와 금속의 실질가격은 여전히 장기평균보다 훨씬위에 있었습니다. In 2012, real food prices were their highest since 1982. 2012년,실질 식료품 가격은 1982년 이래로 가장 높았습니다. The price of gold bullion fell dramatically on 12 April 2013 and analysts frantically sought explanations. 금괴 가격은 2013년 4월12일 극적으로 떨어졌고 분석가들은 필사적으로 변명을 찾았습니다. Rumors spread that the European Central Bank (ECB) would force Cyprus to sell its gold reserves in response to its financial crisis. 유럽중앙은행(ECB)는 금융위기에 응하여 금보유고를 매각하라고 키프로스에게 강제할 거라는 소문이 퍼졌습니다. Major banks such as Goldman Sachs began immediately to short gold bullion. 골드만 삭스같은 주요 은행은 즉시 금괴를 매각하기 시작했습니다. Investors scrambled to liquidate their exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and margin call selling accelerated. 투자자들은 거래소 거래기금(ETFs)을 매각하려고 급히 움직였고 추가 증거금은 판매를 촉진하였습니다. George Gero, precious metals commodities expert at the Royal Bank of Canada (RBC) Wealth Management section reported that he had not seen selling of gold bullion as panicked as this in his forty years in commodity markets. 캐나다 로얄뱅크(RBC)자산관리 부문에 귀금속 전문가인,조지 게로는 상품 시장에서 40년만에 이만큼 당황되는 금괴 판매를 본적이 없다고 보고하였습니다. The earliest commodity exchange-traded fund (ETFs), such as SPDR Gold Shares NYSE Arca: GLD and iShares Silver Trust NYSE Arca: SLV, actually owned the physical commodities. SPDR 금 주식 NYSE Arca: GLD 와 iShares Silver Trust NYSE Arca: SLV같은 제일 빠른 상품 거래소 거래기금(ETSs)은 실제로 실물을 인정하였다 Similar to these are NYSE Arca: PALL (palladium) and NYSE Arca: PPLT (platinum). 상품 거래소 거래기금과 비슷한 NYSE Arca가 있습니다: PALL(보장)과 NYSE Arca: PPLT(백금) However, most Exchange Traded Commodities (ETCs) implement a futures trading strategy. 그렇지만,대부분의 거래소 거래상품(ETCs)은 미래 거래전략을 이행합니다. At the time Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev warned that Russia could sink into recession. 러시아 총리 드미트리 메드베데프는 러시아는 불황에 빠져들 수 있다고 경고했습니다. He argued that "We live in a dynamic, fast-developing world. It is so global and so complex that we sometimes cannot keep up with the changes". "우리는 역동적이고,빠르게 발전하는 세상에 살고 있다고 주장했습니다.매우 글로벌하고 매우 복잡해서 우리는 변화를 쫓아갈 수 없습니다. Analysts have claimed that Russia's economy is overly dependent on commodities. 분석가들은 러시아 경제는 상품에 너무 의존한다고 주장했습니다. Contracts in the commodity market 상품 시장에서 계약 A Spot contract is an agreement where delivery and payment either takes place immediately, or with a short lag. 현장계약은 인도와 지불이 즉시 또는 짧은 지연으로 일어나는 합의입니다. Physical trading normally involves a visual inspection and is carried out in physical markets such as a farmers market. 실거래는 외관 검사를 일반적으로 포함하고 농산물 직매장 같은 실물시장에서 수행됩니다. Derivatives markets, on the other hand, require the existence of agreed standards so that trades can be made without visual inspection. 반면에,파생상품시장은,거래가 외관조사없이 만들어질 수 있게 하기위해 합의 기준의 실재를 필요로 합니다. Standardization 표준화 US soybean futures, for something else, are of not being standard grade if they are "GMO or a mixture of GMO and Non-GMO No. 2 yellow soybeans of Indiana, Ohio and Michigan origin produced in the U.S.A. (Non-screened, stored in silo)". 미국 콩제품의 미래는,다른 것,GMO 나 GMO 혼합물 그리고 미국에서 생산된 인디애나,오하이오와 미시간이 원산지인 비-GMO No.2 노란색 콩이라면 표준 등급이 없습니다. (비- 검사,사이로에 보관) They are of "deliverable grade" if they are "GMO or a mixture of GMO and Non-GMO No. 2 yellow soybeans of Iowa, Illinois and Wisconsin origin produced in the U.S.A. (Non-screened, stored in silo)". 콩제품이 GMO 또는 GMO 혼합물 그리고 미국에서 생산된 아이오와,일리노이즈와 위스콘신이 원산지인 비-GMO No.2 노란색 콩이라면 "교부가능한 등급"입니다. Note the distinction between states, and the need to clearly mention their status as GMO (genetically modified organism) which makes them unacceptable to most organic food buyers. 대부분의 유기농 식품 구매자가 받아들일 수 없게 만드는 GMO(유전학적으로 변형된 유기체)같은 상황을 분명히 언급하기 위해 상태 그리고 니즈사이에 차이에 주목하세요. Similar specifications apply for cotton, orange juice, cocoa, sugar, wheat, corn, barley, pork bellies, milk, feed,stuffs, fruits, vegetables, other grains, other beans, hay, other livestock, meats, poultry, eggs, or any other commodity which is so traded. 비슷한 설명서가 목화,오렌지 쥬스,코코아,설탕,밀,옥수수,보리,삼겹살,우유,아기 우유,원료,과일,야채,기타 곡물,기타 콩류,건초,기타 가축류,고기류,가금류,달걀,또는 대단하게 거래되는 기타 상품에 출원합니다. Standardization has also occurred technologically, as the use of the FIX Protocol by commodities exchanges has allowed trade messages to be sent, received and processed in the same format as stocks or equities. 상품 거래소에 의한 FIX 원안의 이용은 거래 메시지가 보내지게 허용하였고,자기자본 또는 주식과 같은 구성방식을 받아들이고 처리한 것처럼 표준화는 기술적으로 또한 나타났습니다. This process began in 2001 when the Chicago Mercantile Exchange launched a FIX-compliant interface that was adopted by commodity exchanges around the world. 이 과정은 시카고 상업 거래소가 전세계 상품 거래소에 의해 채택된 FIX를 준수하는 인터페이스를 출시하였을때인 2001년에 시작하였습니다. Derivatives 파생상품 Derivatives evolved from simple commodity future contracts into a diverse group of financial instruments that apply to every kind of asset, including mortgages, insurance and many more. 파생상품은 단순한 상품 선물계약을 대출,보험과 기타를 포함하여,모든 자산에 적용하는 여러 금융상품으로부터 발전하였습니다. Futures contracts, Swaps (1970s-), Exchange-traded Commodities (ETC) (2003-), forward contracts, etc. are examples. 선물계약,상환 거래(1970년-),거래소 거래 상품(ETC),선물계약,기타등이 좋은 예입니다. They can be traded through formal exchanges or through Over-the-counter (OTC). 그것들은 비상장 또는 정식 거래소를 통해 거래될 수 있습니다. Commodity market derivatives unlike credit default derivatives for example, are secured by the physical assets or commodities. 예를 들면 신용 부도상품과 달리 상품시장 파생상품은 실물자산 또는 상품에 의해 보증됩니다. Forward contracts 선물계약 A forward contract is an agreement between two parties to exchange at some fixed future date a given quantity of a commodity for a price defined when the contract is finalized. 선물계약은 계약이 마무리 되었을 때 정의된 가격용 상품의 정해진 수량을 고정 선기일날 거래소 두 당사자 사이에 합의를 말합니다. The fixed price is known as the forward price. 고정가격은 선물가격으로 알려져 있습니다. Such forward contracts began as a way of reducing pricing risk in food and agricultural product markets, because farmers knew what price they would receive for their output. 그런 선물계약은 농업종사자는 생산량으로 받을 가격을 알았기 때문에 식료품과 농업 상품시장에 가격위험을 줄이는 방법으로서 시작되었습니다. Forward contracts for example, were used for rice in seventeenth century Japan. 예를 들면,선물계약은 17세기 일본에서 쌀에 사용되었습니다. Futures contract 선물 계약 Futures contracts are standardized forward contracts that are transacted through an exchange. 선물 계약은 거래소를 통해 계약된 선물계약에 표준화 됩니다. In futures contracts the buyer and the seller stipulate product, grade, quantity and location and leaving price as the only variable. 선물 계약에서 구매자와 판매자는 상품,등급,수량과 위치와 유일한 변수인 가격을 맡기는걸 규정합니다. Agricultural futures contracts are the oldest, in use in the United States for more than 170 years. 농업 선물 계약은 170년 넘게 미국에서 쓰이고 있는 가장 오래된 것입니다. Modern futures agreements, began in Chicago in the 1840s, with the appearance of the railroads. 현재의 선물 계악서는 기찻길의 출현과 함께,1840년 시카고에서 시작하였습니다. Chicago, centrally located, emerged as the hub between Midwestern farmers and east coast consumer population centers. 중심부에 위치한 시카고는 중서부 농부들과 동부연안 소비자 인구 밀집지역 사이 중심지로서 나타났습니다. Swaps 상환 거래 A swap is a derivative in which counterparties exchange the cash flows of one party's financial instrument for those of the other party's financial instrument. 상환 거래는 한쪽 당사자가 또 다른 당사자의 모든 금융상품을 위한 일방 당사자의 금융상품의 현금흐름을 교환하는 파생상품입니다. They were introduced in the 1970s. 상환 거래는 1970년에 도입되었습니다. Exchange-traded commodities (ETCs) 거래소 거래 상품(ETCs) Main article: Exchange-traded product 주요 품목:거래소 거래 상품 Exchange-traded commodity is a term used for commodity exchange-traded funds (which are funds) or commodity exchange-traded notes (which are notes). 거래소 거래상품은 상품 거래소 거래기금(기금) 이나 상품 거래소 지폐(지폐)에 사용되는 용어입니다. These track the performance of an underlying commodity index including total return indices based on a single commodity. 거래소 거래 상품은 하나의 상품에 기반한 투자 총수익을 포함하여 근본적인 상품 지수의 성과를 추적합니다. They are similar to ETFs and traded and settled exactly like stock funds. 거래소 거래상품은 거래소 거래기금과 비슷하고 그리고 주식자금과 정확히 거래되고 청산됩니다. ETCs have market maker support with guaranteed liquidity, enabling investors to easily invest in commodities. 거래소 거래상품은 투자자들이 쉽게 상품에 투자하게 하면서,보증된 유동자산으로 투자 자문가를 지원하게 합니다. They were introduced in 2003. 거래소 거래상품은 2003년에 도입되었습니다. At first only professional institutional investors had access, but online exchanges opened some ETC markets to almost anyone. 처음에는 전문기관 투자자들만이 접근할 수 있었지만,온라인 거래소는 거의 모든사람에게 거래소 거래상품시장을 개방하였습니다. ETCs were introduced partly in response to the tight supply of commodities in 2000, combined with record low inventories and increasing demand from emerging markets such as China and India. 거래소 거래상품은 2000년에 상품의 품귀한 공급에 응하여 부분적으로 도입되었고,사상최저 재고와 중국과 인도같은 신흥시장으로부터 증가하는 수요와 결합하였습니다.` Prior to the introduction of ETCs, by the 1990s ETFs pioneered by Barclays Global Investors (BGI) revolutionized the mutual funds industry. 거래소 거래상품의 도입 이전에,1990년대 영국계 투자은행인 바클레이(BGI)에 의해 선도된 거래소 거래기금은 뮤추얼펀드 산업을 혁신하였습니다. By the end of December 2009 BGI assets hit an all-time high of $1 trillion. 2009년말쯤,바클레이(BGI)자산은 1조달러로 사상 최고치였습니다. Gold was the first commodity to be securitised through an Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) in the early 1990s, but it was not available for trade until 2003. 금은 1990년 초반에 거래소 거래기금을 통해 자산유동화된 첫 상품이지만,2003년까지 거래를 위해 이용할 수 없었습니다. The idea of a Gold ETF was first officially conceptualised by Benchmark Asset Management Company Private Ltd in India, when they filed a proposal with the Securities and Exchange Board of India in May 2002. 금 거래소 거래기금의 아이디어는 인도에 개인회사인 벤츠마크 자산 관리회사가 2002년 5월 증권거래위원회의 제안을 신청하였을때,그 회사에 의해 공식적으로 개념화 되었습니다. The first gold exchange-traded fund was Gold Bullion Securities launched on the ASX in 2003, and the first silver exchange-traded fund was iShares Silver Trust launched on the NYSE in 2006. 첫번째 금 거래소 거래기금은 2003년 오스트레일리아 증권거래소에서 출시된 금괴 증권이었고 첫번째 은 거래소 거래기금은 2006년 뉴욕 증권거래소에서 출시된 iShared Silver Trust였습니다. As of November 2010 a commodity ETF, namely SPDR Gold Shares, was the second-largest ETF by market capitalization. 2010년 11월,즉 SPDR금 주식인 상품 거래소 거래기금은 시장 자본에 의해 두번째로 큰 거래소 거래기금이었습니다. Generally, commodity ETFs are index funds tracking non-security indices. 일반적으로,상품 거래소 거래기금은 비-증권지수를 추적하는 인덱스 펀드입니다. Because they do not invest in securities, commodity ETFs are not regulated as investment companies under the Investment Company Act of 1940 in the United States, although their public offering is subject to SEC review and they need an SEC no-action letter under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. 상품 거래소 거래기금은 증권에 투자하지 않기 때문에,상품 거래소 거래기금은 주식공모가 미국증권거래위원회 재검토 대상이고 1934년 증권 거래소법률에 미국증권거래위원회 무제재확인서를 필요로 할지라도,미국에서 1940년 투자 회사 법률에 투자회사로서 규제받지 않습니다. They may, however, be subject to regulation by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. 상품 거래소 거래기금은 상품 선물거래위원회에 의해 규제 대상입니다. The earliest commodity ETFs, such as SPDR Gold Shares NYSE Arca: GLD and iShares Silver Trust NYSE Arca: SLV, actually owned the physical commodity (e.g., gold and silver bars). SPDR 금 주식 NYSE Arca: GLD와 iShares Silver NYSE Arca: SLV같은 제일 빠른 상품 거래소 거래기금은 실제로 실물 상품을 소유하였습니다.(예,골드바와 봉은) Similar to these are NYSE Arca: PALL (palladium) and NYSE Arca: PPLT (platinum). 거래소 거래기금과 비슷한 NYSE Arca: PALL(보장)과 NYSE Arca:PPLT(백금)이 있습니다. However, most ETCs implement a futures trading strategy, which may produce quite different results from owning the commodity. 그렇지만,대부분의 거래소 거래상품은 선물 거래전략을 이행하고,상품소유로부터 매우 다른결과를 만들어낼지 모릅니다. Commodity ETFs trade provide exposure to an increasing range of commodities and commodity indices, including energy, metals, softs and agriculture. 상품 거래소 거래기금 거래는 에너지,금속,연한물건과 농업을 포함하여, 증가하는 다양한 상품과 상품지수에 노출을 줍니다. Many commodity funds, such as oil roll so-called front-month futures contracts from month to month. 매달 소위 선달 선물계약이라 불리는 기름 덩어리 같은 많은 상품기금. This provides exposure to the commodity, but subjects the investor to risks involved in different prices along the term structure, such as a high cost to roll. 상품기금은 상품에 노출을 주지만,진행하는데 높은 비용같은 기간구조를 따라서 다른 비용을 포함한 위험에 투자자들을 자기 지배하에 둡니다. ETCs in China and India gained in importance due to those countries' emergence as commodities consumers and producers. 중국과 인도에 거래소 거래상품은 상품 소비자와 생산자로서 그 나라의 부상때문에 중요성이 커졌습니다. China accounted for more than 60% of exchange-traded commodities in 2009, up from 40% the previous year. 중국은 2009년 거래소 거래 상품이 60% 이상을 차지하였고 이는 전년도보다 40퍼센트 증가한 것입니다. The global volume of ETCs increased by a 20% in 2010, and 50% since 2008, to around 2.5 billion million contracts. 거래소 거래상품의 세계적 거래액은 약 25억만건 계약,2008년이후 50%,2010년 20%까지 증가하였습니다.
Korean to English: A marketing expertise translation with Korean into English language pairs General field: Marketing Detailed field: Marketing
Source text - Korean 제휴 마케팅(Affiliate marketing)은 웹 비즈니스(상품 판매/광고) 촉진 기법의 하나로서, 웹 사이트 발행자(affiliate, publisher)가 그의 노력에 의해 파트너의 웹 사이트에 새로 방문자, 회원, 고객, 매출을 발생시키면, 그 웹 사이트 발행자는 소정의 보상을 받는 식의 마케팅 기법을 말한다. As Affiliate marketing is a part of accelerating technique of web business(sales of products/advertisement), if website-publisher makes new visitor, member, client, sales to the website of a partner with his effort increase, it is a marketing technique that the website publisher receives a fixed compensation. 특히, 여러 다른 부류의 기업과 개인들이 모여 이러한 형태의 인터넷 마케팅을 펼치는 것을 말할 때 제휴 마케팅이라는 단어를 쓰기도 한다. Particularly, when telling what lays out internet marketing like this as a lot of business and individual comes together, we use to write a word like Affiliate marketing. 특히 제휴 네트워크, 다시 말해, 제휴 관리 회사와 사내 제휴 관리자, 전문화된 서드 파티 벤더와 다양한 부류의 제휴사/공급사들이 모여 그들 자신의 제품과 서비스가 아니라 파트너의 제품과 서비스를 판촉하는 일을 가리켜 제휴 마케팅이라 한다. Particularly, Affiliate network, in other words, as Affiliate management business and Affiliate manager in the company, professional third-party vendor and a variety of Affiliate/Provider come together, it is called the Affiliate marketing, indicating a thing that it is not their own product and service, but promotes product and service of partners. 제휴 마케팅은 다른 부류의 인터넷 마케팅 기법들과 개념적으로 여로 모로 겹치는 부분이 있기는 하다. Affiliate marketing has a lot of overlapped parts conceptually, comparing to internet marketing techniques of other classes. 판매사 그들이 스스로 했을 법한 인터넷 마케팅 기법 들을 동원하여 제휴 마케팅을 수행하기 때문이다. It is as sellers carry out an Affiliate marketing, using an internet marketing technique to have been by themselves. 유기적인 검색 엔진 최적화라든지, 보수를 받는 검색 엔진 마케팅이나, 전자 우편 마케팅이라든지, 디스플레이 광고 등등을 예로 들 수 있다. It is considered as examples like systematic search engine optimization or search engine marketing which gets a reward or electronic post-marketing or display advertisement. 제휴 마케팅 - 한 웹사이트를 이용하여 다른 웹사이트로의 인터넷 트래픽을 유발시키는 - 은 온라인 마케팅의 한 아류라고 할 수 있다. Affiliate marketing which causes internet traffic of another website, using a website can be an imitation of online marketing. 제휴 마케팅은 꽤 오랜 역사를 가짐에도 불구하고, 검색 엔진, 전자 우편, RSS가 온라인 광고주들의 주목을 끌고 있는 가운데, 제휴 마케팅은 매우 낮은 수준을 보이고 있다. Affiliate marketing has seen a very low level, while search engine, electronic post, RSS has paid attention to online advertisers, though it has a pretty long history. 하지만 제휴 마케팅은 전자 소매상들의 마케팅 전략에 있어서 아직 중추적인 역할을 하고 있기는 하다. However, affiliate marketing has still performed a pivotal role in the marketing strategy of electronic retailers.	Translation - English 제휴 마케팅(Affiliate marketing)은 웹 비즈니스(상품 판매/광고) 촉진 기법의 하나로서, 웹 사이트 발행자(affiliate, publisher)가 그의 노력에 의해 파트너의 웹 사이트에 새로 방문자, 회원, 고객, 매출을 발생시키면, 그 웹 사이트 발행자는 소정의 보상을 받는 식의 마케팅 기법을 말한다. As Affiliate marketing is a part of accelerating technique of web business(sales of products/advertisement), if website-publisher makes new visitor, member, client, sales to the website of a partner with his effort increase, it is a marketing technique that the website publisher receives a fixed compensation. 특히, 여러 다른 부류의 기업과 개인들이 모여 이러한 형태의 인터넷 마케팅을 펼치는 것을 말할 때 제휴 마케팅이라는 단어를 쓰기도 한다. Particularly, when telling what lays out internet marketing like this as a lot of business and individual comes together, we use to write a word like Affiliate marketing. 특히 제휴 네트워크, 다시 말해, 제휴 관리 회사와 사내 제휴 관리자, 전문화된 서드 파티 벤더와 다양한 부류의 제휴사/공급사들이 모여 그들 자신의 제품과 서비스가 아니라 파트너의 제품과 서비스를 판촉하는 일을 가리켜 제휴 마케팅이라 한다. Particularly, Affiliate network, in other words, as Affiliate management business and Affiliate manager in the company, professional third-party vendor and a variety of Affiliate/Provider come together, it is called the Affiliate marketing, indicating a thing that it is not their own product and service, but promotes product and service of partners. 제휴 마케팅은 다른 부류의 인터넷 마케팅 기법들과 개념적으로 여로 모로 겹치는 부분이 있기는 하다. Affiliate marketing has a lot of overlapped parts conceptually, comparing to internet marketing techniques of other classes. 판매사 그들이 스스로 했을 법한 인터넷 마케팅 기법 들을 동원하여 제휴 마케팅을 수행하기 때문이다. It is as sellers carry out an Affiliate marketing, using an internet marketing technique to have been by themselves. 유기적인 검색 엔진 최적화라든지, 보수를 받는 검색 엔진 마케팅이나, 전자 우편 마케팅이라든지, 디스플레이 광고 등등을 예로 들 수 있다. It is considered as examples like systematic search engine optimization or search engine marketing which gets a reward or electronic post-marketing or display advertisement. 제휴 마케팅 - 한 웹사이트를 이용하여 다른 웹사이트로의 인터넷 트래픽을 유발시키는 - 은 온라인 마케팅의 한 아류라고 할 수 있다. Affiliate marketing which causes internet traffic of another website, using a website can be an imitation of online marketing. 제휴 마케팅은 꽤 오랜 역사를 가짐에도 불구하고, 검색 엔진, 전자 우편, RSS가 온라인 광고주들의 주목을 끌고 있는 가운데, 제휴 마케팅은 매우 낮은 수준을 보이고 있다. Affiliate marketing has seen a very low level, while search engine, electronic post, RSS has paid attention to online advertisers, though it has a pretty long history. 하지만 제휴 마케팅은 전자 소매상들의 마케팅 전략에 있어서 아직 중추적인 역할을 하고 있기는 하다. However, affiliate marketing has still performed a pivotal role in the marketing strategy of electronic retailers.