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Both "false data entry" and "data diddling" are commonly used terms.
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FALSE DATA ENTRY
False data entry is usually the simplest, safest, and most common method of computer abuse. It involves changing data before or during its input to computers. Anybody associated with or having access to the processes of creating, recording, transporting, encoding, examining, checking, converting, and transforming data that ultimately enters a computer can change this data. Examples of false data entry include forging, misrepresenting, or counterfeiting documents; exchanging computer tapes or disks; keyboard entry falsifications; failure to enter data; and neutralizing or avoiding controls.

Preventing False Data Entry
Data entry typically must be protected using manual controls. Manual controls include separation of duties or responsibilities, which force collusion among employees to perpetrate fraudulent acts.
In addition, batch control totals can be manually calculated and compared with matching computer-produced batch control totals. Another common control is the use of check digits or characters embedded in the data on the basis of various characteristics of each field of data (e.g., odd or even number indicators or hash totals). Sequence numbers and time of arrival can be associated with data and checked to ensure that data has not been lost or reordered. Large volumes of data can be checked with utility or special-purpose programs.
Evidence of false data entry is data that does not correctly represent data found at sources, does not match redundant or duplicate data, and does not conform to earlier forms of data if manual processes are reversed. Further evidence is control totals or check-digits that do not check or meet validation and verification test requirements in the computer.
Exhibit 4 summarizes the likely perpetrators of false data entry, methods of detection, and sources of evidence.
http://www.cccure.org/Documents/HISM/515-518.html

DATA DIDDLING

A simple and common computer related crime which involves changing data prior to or during input to a computer. Data can be changed by anyone involved in the process of creating, recording, encoding, examining, checking, converting, or transporting computer data.

Minimize the risk of diddling by applying internal security controls.
http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/scams/ccprev_e.htm

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Note added at 29 mins (2005-09-19 09:17:31 GMT)
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The correct version is not "falsified data entry", but "false data entry" or "data diddling".