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http://www.astm.org/SNEWS/ND_2009/nelson_nd09.html

Putting It to the Test
ILS Program Supports Precision and Bias Statement Development for Nanotechnology Standard
by Kessel Nelson

In a field where size is everything, the ability to accurately measure size is very important.

That’s the case with nanotechnology. And the recent revision of E2490, Guide for Measurement of Particle Size Distribution of Nanomaterials in Suspension by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy, contains a precision and bias statement to check that accuracy. Extensive testing by independent laboratories working under the guidance of the ASTM International Interlaboratory Study Program has led to the E2490 statement.
The ILS Program helps ensure that every ASTM International test method is validated by a precision statement outlining what users can expect from a specific protocol in terms of repeatability (i.e., what one laboratory analyzing the same sample multiple times would see as its range of acceptable results) and reproducibility (i.e., the differences that would be expected if the same sample were analyzed using the same method in multiple laboratories).