Jun 11, 2023 13:36
1 yr ago
34 viewers *
Spanish term
Reparo
Spanish to English
Law/Patents
Law: Taxation & Customs
I am working on a cassation appeal from Peru where a company is seeking to revoke a ruling issued by the tax courts, with respect to (for what I can gather) objections made by the tax authority on a company's tax returns. Doing a bit of research, I found these definitions for what a "reparo" is in Peruvian tax policy:
"Picón (2019) define a los reparos tributarios dentro del régimen de impuesto a la renta actual en el Perú refiriéndose a esos gastos que se hallan totalmente
restringidos o ya sea parcialmente, esto se debe a que no llegan a cumplir con el principio de causalidad, en donde doctrinariamente se halla la teoría de la renta de productos y positivamente en el Art. 37° de TUO de la Ley del Impuesto a la Renta. Picón (2019) manifiesta que ***estos reparos tributarios son aquellas observaciones que se realizan por la gestión tributaria y/o los contribuyentes, con relación a las actividades que se registraron en la contabilidad y que las propias no consiguen cumplir con lo determinado en el TUO del impuesto a la renta y las normas reglamentarias, o no se encuentran documentadas o en caso de que lo estén dichos documentos no logran cumplir con los requerimientos determinados por las normativas tributarias.***
Hirache (2019) los reparos tributarios son aquellas deducciones y/o adiciones tributarias que una organización notifica en su declaración jurada anual
del impuesto a la renta, dichos reparos se pueden generar de manera temporal o ya sea permanente, considerándose necesario el registro del efecto de tales
reparos en los libros contables de la organización y su apropiada presentación en los estados contables emitiéndose según las normas internacionales financieras."
So, I have the general idea of what this is. I have found the figure of "Notice of deficiency" from the IRS, and I was wondering if this is similar to what we're talking about here? The IRS website says:
"Letter 3219, Notice of Deficiency (also referred to as 90-Day Letter), is a taxpayer’s legal notice that the IRS is proposing a deficiency. These letters provide taxpayers with information about their right to challenge proposed IRS adjustments in the United States Tax Court by filing a petition within 90 days of the date of their notice (150 days if you reside outside the United States).
"If the IRS is proposing to adjust the amount of tax you owe, you will typically be sent a statutory ***notice of deficiency*** informing you of the proposed change resulting in a balance due. ... Because this notice provides you with the right to challenge the proposed adjustment in the Tax Court without first paying the proposed adjustment, the statutory notice of deficiency is often considered “your ticket to the Tax Court.”
Anyone else has come across this term in this usage? If so, how did you translate "Reparo". Is a reparo equivalent to a notice of defficiency? Or would you call it just a "deficiency"?
Thanks for any help!
....
The credits that were claimed on your return were disallowed. Your account will be adjusted, possibly resulting in a reduced refund or balance due."
"Picón (2019) define a los reparos tributarios dentro del régimen de impuesto a la renta actual en el Perú refiriéndose a esos gastos que se hallan totalmente
restringidos o ya sea parcialmente, esto se debe a que no llegan a cumplir con el principio de causalidad, en donde doctrinariamente se halla la teoría de la renta de productos y positivamente en el Art. 37° de TUO de la Ley del Impuesto a la Renta. Picón (2019) manifiesta que ***estos reparos tributarios son aquellas observaciones que se realizan por la gestión tributaria y/o los contribuyentes, con relación a las actividades que se registraron en la contabilidad y que las propias no consiguen cumplir con lo determinado en el TUO del impuesto a la renta y las normas reglamentarias, o no se encuentran documentadas o en caso de que lo estén dichos documentos no logran cumplir con los requerimientos determinados por las normativas tributarias.***
Hirache (2019) los reparos tributarios son aquellas deducciones y/o adiciones tributarias que una organización notifica en su declaración jurada anual
del impuesto a la renta, dichos reparos se pueden generar de manera temporal o ya sea permanente, considerándose necesario el registro del efecto de tales
reparos en los libros contables de la organización y su apropiada presentación en los estados contables emitiéndose según las normas internacionales financieras."
So, I have the general idea of what this is. I have found the figure of "Notice of deficiency" from the IRS, and I was wondering if this is similar to what we're talking about here? The IRS website says:
"Letter 3219, Notice of Deficiency (also referred to as 90-Day Letter), is a taxpayer’s legal notice that the IRS is proposing a deficiency. These letters provide taxpayers with information about their right to challenge proposed IRS adjustments in the United States Tax Court by filing a petition within 90 days of the date of their notice (150 days if you reside outside the United States).
"If the IRS is proposing to adjust the amount of tax you owe, you will typically be sent a statutory ***notice of deficiency*** informing you of the proposed change resulting in a balance due. ... Because this notice provides you with the right to challenge the proposed adjustment in the Tax Court without first paying the proposed adjustment, the statutory notice of deficiency is often considered “your ticket to the Tax Court.”
Anyone else has come across this term in this usage? If so, how did you translate "Reparo". Is a reparo equivalent to a notice of defficiency? Or would you call it just a "deficiency"?
Thanks for any help!
....
The credits that were claimed on your return were disallowed. Your account will be adjusted, possibly resulting in a reduced refund or balance due."
Proposed translations
8 hrs
Selected
deficiency assessment notice/UR adjustment post-tax audit (UK) shortfall assessment post-inspection
UR- (US) UnderReporter Adjustment,
UK post-external tax *inspection*: the answer is too long to fit on the line - rather short when there are so many regional variations,
estos reparos tributarios : these tax objections or notices of tax objection or correction (ProZ web refs. 1& 2).
Reparo: 1. suit against a taxpayer following *audit of a tax return* ; 2. suit for misappropriation against a public (UK: malversation or misfeasance?), West.
Deficiency assessment looks right for the US of A (query: Canada), A Handbook of US Business Law Terms, Garner, the West Group, whence the asker hails.
The term is also understandable, but non-standard in the UK and/or Oz and NZ. as per my UK Revenue Law exam passes & ecperience.
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Note added at 8 days (2023-06-19 18:35:44 GMT) Post-grading
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You are welcome, Mariela. Aware that 'deficiency assessment' is the US AmE term of art, I couldn't hit on a neutral, 'offshore English' term, so included the BrE 'shortfall' variation.
UK post-external tax *inspection*: the answer is too long to fit on the line - rather short when there are so many regional variations,
estos reparos tributarios : these tax objections or notices of tax objection or correction (ProZ web refs. 1& 2).
Reparo: 1. suit against a taxpayer following *audit of a tax return* ; 2. suit for misappropriation against a public (UK: malversation or misfeasance?), West.
Deficiency assessment looks right for the US of A (query: Canada), A Handbook of US Business Law Terms, Garner, the West Group, whence the asker hails.
The term is also understandable, but non-standard in the UK and/or Oz and NZ. as per my UK Revenue Law exam passes & ecperience.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 8 days (2023-06-19 18:35:44 GMT) Post-grading
--------------------------------------------------
You are welcome, Mariela. Aware that 'deficiency assessment' is the US AmE term of art, I couldn't hit on a neutral, 'offshore English' term, so included the BrE 'shortfall' variation.
Example sentence:
Deloitte: Shortfall penalties are generally imposed as a percentage of the taxpayer’s tax shortfall.
USA: The IRS follows certain rules called deficiency procedures to charge you taxes after an audit or CP2000/*underreporter adjustment*, or when the IRS prepares a tax return for you because you didn’t file one.
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
Comment: "Thank you for your help. While everyone's contributions were helpful, your contribution was closest in meaning to what I needed."
5 hrs
SUNAT Tax Assessment / Assessment of Taxable Income
Peru - Corporate - Tax administration
https://taxsummaries.pwc.com › ta...
Pursuant to the Peruvian tax legislation, the SUNAT is entitled to audit taxpayers in order to assess their tax liabilities, request the payment of any due tax, ...
Foreign investors in Peru are guaranteed tax stability
https://www.iisd.org › 2008/08/29
29 ago. 2008 — The second component of the Tax Assessment was based on SUNAT's opinion that assets belonging to a Peruvian energy corporation indirectly ..
Carla Peirano - Estudio Echecopar
https://www.echecopar.com.pe › p...
Advised and represented HERBALIFE PERU in against a tax assessment made by the Tax Administration. In this case, SUNAT is rejecting the set of comparables used by HERBALIFE PERU in the Transfer Pricing Study for FY 2015 (TPS 2015). Our role included a thorough analysis of the transfer pricing rules, we proposed to analyse if the company had the same objection from the Tax Administrations in other jurisdictions where HERBALIFE is present and preferably, if such jurisdictions are OECD jurisdictions.
Advised and represented Dupree in a tax audit carried out by the Tax Administration. In this case, SUNAT purported to reject some of the comparables used by DUPREE in the Transfer Pricing Study for FY 2015 (TPS 2015). Our role was aimed at demonstrating that the Tax Administration has made a cherry-picking when selecting the companies that shall be excluded from the comp set.
Peru vs. Perupetro, June 2021, Tax Court, Case No 05562-1 ...
https://tpcases.com › peru-vs-perupetro-february-2021-ta...
25 jun. 2021 — The Tax Court sets aside the assessment and decided in favour of Perupetro. Excerpts ” From the evaluation carried out, it can be seen that the ...
Tax only 'payable' under SPA indemnity when court ...
https://www.lexisnexis.co.uk › news
25 nov. 2020 — The experts agreed that, under Peruvian tax law, an assessment ... had to be made as a precondition to any objection to the tax assessment.
Tax in Peru | Law firm and lawyer rankings from The Legal ...
https://www.legal500.com › peru
Assisted Southern Peru Copper Corporation in ligation before the Supreme Court related to a discussion regarding several assessments raised by the Peruvian Tax ...
Doing Business in Peru - 2023 - Baker McKenzie
https://www.bakermckenzie.com › files › guides
PDF
raise objections regarding the procedure specifications. ... being deductible for the assessment of taxable income for income tax purposes.
https://taxsummaries.pwc.com › ta...
Pursuant to the Peruvian tax legislation, the SUNAT is entitled to audit taxpayers in order to assess their tax liabilities, request the payment of any due tax, ...
Foreign investors in Peru are guaranteed tax stability
https://www.iisd.org › 2008/08/29
29 ago. 2008 — The second component of the Tax Assessment was based on SUNAT's opinion that assets belonging to a Peruvian energy corporation indirectly ..
Carla Peirano - Estudio Echecopar
https://www.echecopar.com.pe › p...
Advised and represented HERBALIFE PERU in against a tax assessment made by the Tax Administration. In this case, SUNAT is rejecting the set of comparables used by HERBALIFE PERU in the Transfer Pricing Study for FY 2015 (TPS 2015). Our role included a thorough analysis of the transfer pricing rules, we proposed to analyse if the company had the same objection from the Tax Administrations in other jurisdictions where HERBALIFE is present and preferably, if such jurisdictions are OECD jurisdictions.
Advised and represented Dupree in a tax audit carried out by the Tax Administration. In this case, SUNAT purported to reject some of the comparables used by DUPREE in the Transfer Pricing Study for FY 2015 (TPS 2015). Our role was aimed at demonstrating that the Tax Administration has made a cherry-picking when selecting the companies that shall be excluded from the comp set.
Peru vs. Perupetro, June 2021, Tax Court, Case No 05562-1 ...
https://tpcases.com › peru-vs-perupetro-february-2021-ta...
25 jun. 2021 — The Tax Court sets aside the assessment and decided in favour of Perupetro. Excerpts ” From the evaluation carried out, it can be seen that the ...
Tax only 'payable' under SPA indemnity when court ...
https://www.lexisnexis.co.uk › news
25 nov. 2020 — The experts agreed that, under Peruvian tax law, an assessment ... had to be made as a precondition to any objection to the tax assessment.
Tax in Peru | Law firm and lawyer rankings from The Legal ...
https://www.legal500.com › peru
Assisted Southern Peru Copper Corporation in ligation before the Supreme Court related to a discussion regarding several assessments raised by the Peruvian Tax ...
Doing Business in Peru - 2023 - Baker McKenzie
https://www.bakermckenzie.com › files › guides
raise objections regarding the procedure specifications. ... being deductible for the assessment of taxable income for income tax purposes.
Reference comments
1 hr
Reference:
Refs. Peru
reparo tributario
https://tinyurl.com/mrk259c3
The first link https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/84497038.pdf refers to "reparo tributario" as:
Page 16: CONCEPTO DE REPARO TRIBUTARIO.
Según, CANAHUA DIONICIO (2008) reparo tributario se podría
definir de la siguiente forma: es la observación u objeción de parte de la Administración Tributaria sobre la información presentada tanto en las declaraciones juradas mensuales y anuales por motivo de encontrar diferencias sustanciales y formales al momento de contrastar los datos de las mismas versus la realidad de la empresa. Por otro lado, también se podría definir como las observaciones realizadas por el Auditor Tributario sobre el incumplimiento o aplicación incorrecta de las leyes y normas que regulan el desarrollo normal de las actividades de cada empresa en el ámbito tributario peruano.
Another link (short url). The abstract which is in English (page 6), while on page 5 is in Spanish and refers to "reparo tributario" as "tax objections."
https://repositorio.uss.edu.pe/bitstream/handle/20.500.12802...
Page 5:
Nuestra Tesis Titulada El Reparo Tributario del impuesto a la Renta y su incidencia en la Rentabilidad de la Empresa Ferronor Decor Home S.A.C., tiene como objetivo determinar el nivel de incidencia de los **reparos tributarios** del impuesto a la Renta,Esta investigación se justifica plenamente porque permite obtener el conocimiento de la naturaleza, finalidad y resultados de la aplicación de los reparos tributarios en las declaraciones juradas anuales del impuesto a la renta de las empresa en el país, el cual repercutirá favorablemente en las mismas y en su entorno.
Page 6
Our thesis Repair Tax The income tax and its impact on the profitability Ferronor Decor Home SAC, aims to determine the level of incidence of **tax objections** income tax, this investigation is fully justified because it allows obtain the understanding of the nature, purpose and results of the application of tax qualms about the annual tax returns of income tax of the company in the country, which have a positive impact on them and their environment.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 hr (2023-06-11 15:12:59 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Mariela:
Ah, I see what you mean, but sorry, I am not an authority on the subject, but while this is not related to Peru specifically, but more general, I will leave it there. Perhaps, others can come up with a more specific term, but I cannot think of anything else.
https://www.frcs.org.fj/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/79.Tax-ta...
Tax talk - Tax Objection a taxpayers right
FS: What is a tax objection?
ACEO: A tax objection is a formal process for dispute resolution under which the taxpayer
has appeal rights. Where a taxpayer does not agree with a tax assessment or decision by
FRCA, the taxpayer has the right to appeal the tax decision through a written notice of
objection to FRCA within the objection period. A person, who is not happy with a tax
decision may lodge an objection regarding a tax assessment, within 60 consecutive days of
service of the notice; and other tax decisions, within 30 consecutive days of service of the
notice. A person’s right to challenge a tax decision is covered in Division III of Part II of Tax
Administration Decree (TAD).
FS: How is the objection period determined, is it from the date of tax assessment?
ACEO: No, the objection period starts from, in the case where the assessment notice has
been posted, the date of posting, not the date the assessment notice was produced.
The FRCA date of posting of assessment notices is the next working day after the day the
assessment is processed. For other tax decisions disallowing or partly allowing a request for
review of a tax decision, this is sent by registered post. The FRCA date for registered mail is
the next working day after the date of posting.
FS: What happens if you don’t lodge on time?
ACEO: Once the period for objecting (including any extension of time to lodge an objection)
has ended, the assessment is binding on the taxpayer, unless there is any error or omission
made in the tax decision or in any related proceedings. Failure to lodge an objection within
the time specified (or extended time) means that the notice of objection becomes invalid
and it affects a person’s ability to apply to the Tax Tribunal for review of the decision or to
appeal the decision to the Tax Court.
FS: Can a person object to an amended assessment?
ACEO: Yes, a taxpayer may object to amended tax assessments but only on any alterations
and additions made in the amended assessment.
https://tinyurl.com/mrk259c3
The first link https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/84497038.pdf refers to "reparo tributario" as:
Page 16: CONCEPTO DE REPARO TRIBUTARIO.
Según, CANAHUA DIONICIO (2008) reparo tributario se podría
definir de la siguiente forma: es la observación u objeción de parte de la Administración Tributaria sobre la información presentada tanto en las declaraciones juradas mensuales y anuales por motivo de encontrar diferencias sustanciales y formales al momento de contrastar los datos de las mismas versus la realidad de la empresa. Por otro lado, también se podría definir como las observaciones realizadas por el Auditor Tributario sobre el incumplimiento o aplicación incorrecta de las leyes y normas que regulan el desarrollo normal de las actividades de cada empresa en el ámbito tributario peruano.
Another link (short url). The abstract which is in English (page 6), while on page 5 is in Spanish and refers to "reparo tributario" as "tax objections."
https://repositorio.uss.edu.pe/bitstream/handle/20.500.12802...
Page 5:
Nuestra Tesis Titulada El Reparo Tributario del impuesto a la Renta y su incidencia en la Rentabilidad de la Empresa Ferronor Decor Home S.A.C., tiene como objetivo determinar el nivel de incidencia de los **reparos tributarios** del impuesto a la Renta,Esta investigación se justifica plenamente porque permite obtener el conocimiento de la naturaleza, finalidad y resultados de la aplicación de los reparos tributarios en las declaraciones juradas anuales del impuesto a la renta de las empresa en el país, el cual repercutirá favorablemente en las mismas y en su entorno.
Page 6
Our thesis Repair Tax The income tax and its impact on the profitability Ferronor Decor Home SAC, aims to determine the level of incidence of **tax objections** income tax, this investigation is fully justified because it allows obtain the understanding of the nature, purpose and results of the application of tax qualms about the annual tax returns of income tax of the company in the country, which have a positive impact on them and their environment.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 hr (2023-06-11 15:12:59 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Mariela:
Ah, I see what you mean, but sorry, I am not an authority on the subject, but while this is not related to Peru specifically, but more general, I will leave it there. Perhaps, others can come up with a more specific term, but I cannot think of anything else.
https://www.frcs.org.fj/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/79.Tax-ta...
Tax talk - Tax Objection a taxpayers right
FS: What is a tax objection?
ACEO: A tax objection is a formal process for dispute resolution under which the taxpayer
has appeal rights. Where a taxpayer does not agree with a tax assessment or decision by
FRCA, the taxpayer has the right to appeal the tax decision through a written notice of
objection to FRCA within the objection period. A person, who is not happy with a tax
decision may lodge an objection regarding a tax assessment, within 60 consecutive days of
service of the notice; and other tax decisions, within 30 consecutive days of service of the
notice. A person’s right to challenge a tax decision is covered in Division III of Part II of Tax
Administration Decree (TAD).
FS: How is the objection period determined, is it from the date of tax assessment?
ACEO: No, the objection period starts from, in the case where the assessment notice has
been posted, the date of posting, not the date the assessment notice was produced.
The FRCA date of posting of assessment notices is the next working day after the day the
assessment is processed. For other tax decisions disallowing or partly allowing a request for
review of a tax decision, this is sent by registered post. The FRCA date for registered mail is
the next working day after the date of posting.
FS: What happens if you don’t lodge on time?
ACEO: Once the period for objecting (including any extension of time to lodge an objection)
has ended, the assessment is binding on the taxpayer, unless there is any error or omission
made in the tax decision or in any related proceedings. Failure to lodge an objection within
the time specified (or extended time) means that the notice of objection becomes invalid
and it affects a person’s ability to apply to the Tax Tribunal for review of the decision or to
appeal the decision to the Tax Court.
FS: Can a person object to an amended assessment?
ACEO: Yes, a taxpayer may object to amended tax assessments but only on any alterations
and additions made in the amended assessment.
Note from asker:
Thanks Taña. I have already checked some of these references, and while I do understand that it is, indeed, a tax-related objection, when used within context in my document, it doesn't quite capture the full meaning, as the context implies that the tax authority has already assessed the amount of the deficiency, and in some instances already collected it: "...se deja sin efecto los reparos por modificación del coeficiente y retención de fletes, debiendo la administración tributaria restituir los montos pagados por la demandante, referidos a dichos reparos..." That's why I was wondering if there was a more specific term to convey this. Like I mentioned, the IRS does have the figure of "Notice of Deficiency" which is pretty close in meaning, but it provides the taxpayer time to appeal the decision before having to pay, which I don't think happens with the reparo. I was toying with the idea of using "deficiency adjustment". Anyway, I am open to more ideas/suggestions. |
Peer comments on this reference comment:
agree |
AllegroTrans
6 hrs
|
Thanks.
|
|
agree |
neilmac
: Interesting query. LatAm tax regimes and terminologies constitute a minefield...
5 days
|
3 hrs
Reference:
Los reparos tributarios, de acuerdo con la Ley del Impuesto a la Renta, están constituidos por las adiciones y deducciones que se realizan vía Declaración Jurada Anual del Impuesto a la Renta de Tercera Categoría y ajustan (aumentan o disminuyen) al resultado obtenido contablemente, con el objeto de obtener la Renta Imponible o Pérdida tributaria del Ejercicio.
https://www.gestiopolis.com/reparo-tributario-impuesto-renta...
Glossary of Tax Terms
Disclaimer: Explanations on the terms are very condensed and may not be complete. They are not considered to necessarily reflect official position of the OECD in interpreting international tax terms, for example, in the tax treaty context.
https://www.oecd.org/ctp/glossaryoftaxterms.htm#c
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 3 hrs (2023-06-11 16:49:42 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
HI, Mariela. I realise that you understand the concept but I had visited the website and was using the text for my benefit.
You might find the OECD glossary useful for finding a term in English. Either that, or you can leave it in Spanish and add a translator's note. I don't know if 'reparo' has anything to do with 'reparar'. Would 'tax adjustment' + an explanation work?
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 3 hrs (2023-06-11 17:12:27 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
In the OECD glossary I read that 'deficiency' is a US concept. I think that 'Deficiency adjustment' would be a reasonable translation, though I would add an explanation: 'la adición o deducción al resultado contable, con el objeto de determinar la Renta Imponible o Pérdida Tributaria del ejercicio gravable' (in English, of course!)
https://www.gestiopolis.com/reparo-tributario-impuesto-renta...
Glossary of Tax Terms
Disclaimer: Explanations on the terms are very condensed and may not be complete. They are not considered to necessarily reflect official position of the OECD in interpreting international tax terms, for example, in the tax treaty context.
https://www.oecd.org/ctp/glossaryoftaxterms.htm#c
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 3 hrs (2023-06-11 16:49:42 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
HI, Mariela. I realise that you understand the concept but I had visited the website and was using the text for my benefit.
You might find the OECD glossary useful for finding a term in English. Either that, or you can leave it in Spanish and add a translator's note. I don't know if 'reparo' has anything to do with 'reparar'. Would 'tax adjustment' + an explanation work?
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 3 hrs (2023-06-11 17:12:27 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
In the OECD glossary I read that 'deficiency' is a US concept. I think that 'Deficiency adjustment' would be a reasonable translation, though I would add an explanation: 'la adición o deducción al resultado contable, con el objeto de determinar la Renta Imponible o Pérdida Tributaria del ejercicio gravable' (in English, of course!)
Note from asker:
Thank you Helena. I understand the concept and what is used for. What I am having trouble with is coming up with and English term that properly captures the full intent of the Spanish. |
I actually am considering using "deficiency adjustment" in this case because it sort of conveys that the tax authority has found fault with the return and is imposing an adjustment to bridge the difference. I thought about tax adjustment, but it felt too neutral for the context. |
Peer comments on this reference comment:
agree |
AllegroTrans
4 hrs
|
Thank you, AllegroTrans :-)
|
|
agree |
neilmac
: Handy links and comments for future reference :-)
5 days
|
Discussion
"...se deja sin efecto los reparos por modificación del coeficiente y retención de fletes, debiendo la administración tributaria restituir los montos pagados por la demandante, referidos a dichos reparos..."
It is, basically, a case where the company is challenging in cassation court a number of "reparos" issued by the tax administration and upheld by the tax court in appeal. Does that help?