Glossary entry

Dutch term or phrase:

zwartschrift

English translation:

inkprint / print / normal print

Added to glossary by Chris Hopley
Sep 22, 2016 12:07
7 yrs ago
Dutch term

zwartschrift

Dutch to English Other Other writing systems
Zwartschrift is what blind people call regular writing as opposed to Braille.

Cf.: Als men over brailleschrift (ook braille of blindenschrift genoemd) spreekt, dan moet men ook een naam geven aan het gewone schrift die ziende personen gebruiken. Dan spreekt men over zwartschrift, om het even of het Duits of Japans is. Het speelt ook geen rol of het wel degelijk in zwarte of in rode kleur geschreven wordt.
Source: http://www.braillepost.be/nl/?Braille:Zwartschrift

Does anyone know of an equivalent term in English? Thanks in advance.

Discussion

Michael Beijer Sep 23, 2016:
(dictated on my phone, so pls excuse any typos) Yes, freek, I understand that, strictly speaking, if you are looking for a word that is as close to the original Dutch word "zwartschrift" as possible, Sindy's term "ink print" comes closer. In fact, it's pretty much a perfect equivalent. However, in the real world, there will be many cases where peopole won't use "ink print" (or indeed "zwartschrift"), but instead, depending on the context, sth else, like: normal print, regular print, printed text, print, non-tactile text, etc. If you do a bit of googling (or just plain thinking, if you're a native speaker and have lived a bit), you'll soon see that this is true. You'll find myriad instances of these terms being used to mean the "opposite" of braille. That's my point. So, at the end of the day, as is often the case, there are multiple correct ways to translate the Dutch term "zwartschrift". Chris, who I don't know personally, but respect as he seems to be a pretty clever guy, has obviously grasped this, as reflected in his entry: "English translation: inkprint / print / normal print". So you can huff and puff and yell and scream all you want, but there are more ways than one to skin a mongoose, as they say in Bavaria.

Miguel
Michael Beijer Sep 23, 2016:
I was going to ask the moderator, … ...for the 900th time, to remove your latest comment. But you know what, who really cares anymore? Not I. Anyone who cares to wade through all this tedious, repetitive nonsense will immediately see what's what. Meanwhile, I'm on holiday in Barcelona, having a great time; speaking English with gay abandon to my wife and little kiddo. Enjoy your life.
freekfluweel Sep 23, 2016:
@MJWB:I agree, indeed, give it a rest... ... you will never convince me of your English nativeness...

and what does it really matter...? Don't you have sth better to do with your time?

You think Dutch, however native English you might be...!!!
.
Michael Beijer Sep 23, 2016:
give it a rest already it is obvious, to anyone with even half a brain, that they are all fine. all correct. just depends on where you're going to use it, etc.

normal print
regular print
printed text
print
non-tactile text
ink print / inkprint / ink-print
etc.

all perfectly acceptable, correct, English translations of the Dutch term "zwartschrift"

Don't you have sth better to do with your time?

freekfluweel Sep 23, 2016:
google.co.UK normal print: 18 Ghits
http://tinyurl.com/zlqe2py

regular print: 569 Ghits
http://tinyurl.com/jovlxue

And if you wear a 'normale pasvorm' in the NL, ain't no use looking for 'normal fit' in English speaking countries...
.
Michael Beijer Sep 22, 2016:
@freek: yeah, I know that. as far as I can tell (i.e., using my native brain, rather than search results), both normal and regular are fine, but with many more hits for the latter

btw, why do you use "google.nl" for English queries?

https://www.google.com/search?q="braille and normal print" &... … About 178 results (0.27 seconds)

https://www.google.com/search?q="braille and regular print"&... … About 1,350 results (0.56 seconds)
freekfluweel Sep 22, 2016:
selective googling... normal print: 17 Ghits
http://tinyurl.com/jtf6bha

regular print: 1290 Ghits
http://tinyurl.com/jhxnckg
.
Michael Beijer Sep 22, 2016:
never heard of it myself until today but then again, my Dutch is pretty patchy and acquired in a rather non-standard fashion
freekfluweel Sep 22, 2016:
@CH: No, I haven't either... ... and I started 'learning' Dutch way before 1990... ;-)

Very interesting question indeed! So far it seems that the Dutch are the only one to have a nickname for 'regular print'...
Chris Hopley (asker) Sep 22, 2016:
Just out of interest, did any of you guys know this word before today? I started learning Dutch in 1990 and this is the first time I've encountered it!
Chris Hopley (asker) Sep 22, 2016:
normal I didn't like 'normal' for the same reason, although Michael's refs seem to show this need not be a concern. My solution so far is "text that can be read by the sighted".
freekfluweel Sep 22, 2016:
regular print...? 'normal print' sounds more like a printer default...
Michael Beijer Sep 22, 2016:
Although it might be construed as making some kind of value judgement, how about "normal print"?

Proposed translations

+4
5 hrs
Selected

inkprint / ink print

Not too sure, but have a look here, Chris: http://tinyurl.com/jszc8tp

A few examples:

"Braille-translation software (or embedded hardware) converts inkprint into braille or braille into inkprint."

"Blind users tend to call other printers "ink printers," to distinguish them from their braille counterparts." => https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braille_embosser

"In braille there is also a series of composition signs, such as capital and number signs, that have no inkprint counterparts."

http://tinyurl.com/z8sfrgr "Okay - so you've still got enough vision to read ink-print (...)"
Note from asker:
Thanks, Cindy. This does seem very convincing!
Peer comment(s):

agree Michael Beijer : I did a bit of googling, and "ink print" seems to be correct and used in specialist literature. / mooie zin Barend ("Ik was er niet van overtuigd dat die term er niet zou zijn.") ;-)
2 hrs
agree Barend van Zadelhoff : Mooi dat je die term boven water hebt gehaald. Ik was er niet van overtuigd dat die term er niet zou zijn. Goed werk.
19 hrs
agree freekfluweel : Nice find!
1 day 4 hrs
agree Kitty Brussaard
3 days 3 hrs
Something went wrong...
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer. Comment: "Thanks Cindy"
24 mins

printed text

regular/normal print also seem fine.

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 25 mins (2016-09-22 12:33:25 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

"A collection of children's books with both braille and printed text tours of our libraries." (http://www.croydonlibraries.com/library-services/books-and-r... )

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 26 mins (2016-09-22 12:34:04 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

"Each key on the pad has both Braille and printed text labels designed to indicate function and a related shape to help the voter determine its use." (https://www.verifiedvoting.org/resources/voting-equipment/es... )

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 27 mins (2016-09-22 12:35:24 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

"Thermoforming (vacuum forming) is the process of generating a tactile document from pre-tooled dyes. A large metal dye is molded into the shape of the document, which can include both Braille and printed text, line graphics and multi-tiered graphics." (https://www-users.cs.york.ac.uk/~cpower/pubs/2010UAISPowerJu... )

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 57 mins (2016-09-22 13:04:59 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

"Wetenswaardigheden[bewerken]

Het tegengestelde van braille - een gedrukte of geschreven tekst die voor ziende mensen leesbaar is - wordt door blinden "zwartschrift" of "zwartdruk" genoemd." (https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braille )

*****************************
"Although it is possible to transcribe print by simply substituting the equivalent braille character for its printed equivalent, in English such a character-by-character transcription (known as uncontracted braille) is only used by beginners.

Braille characters are much larger than their printed equivalents, and the standard 11" by 11.5" (28 cm × 30 cm) page has room for only 25 lines of 43 characters.

[...]

Since the various braille alphabets originated as transcription codes of printed writing systems, the mappings (sets of character designations) vary from language to language.

[...]

The lines of horizontal braille text are separated by a space, much like visible printed text, so that the dots of one line can be differentiated from the braille text above and below. Different assignments of braille codes (or code pages) are used to map the character sets of different printed scripts to the six-bit cells."

(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braille )

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 2 hrs (2016-09-22 14:56:08 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

a few refs, all from 100% reputable, well written ENG sources, showing that it is also just referred to as "print":

*****************************
"Abstract
This study compared a number of outcomes for congenitally legally blind adults who learned to read braille or print as their original reading medium. It was found that those who learned to read using braille had higher employment rates and educational levels, were more financially self-sufficient, and spent more time reading than did those who learned to read using print." (http://mountbattenbrailler.com/Docs/papers/Ryles_study.pdf )

*****************************
"What is Dual Media?

Dual Media refers to the use of both print and braille simultaneously as modes for reading and writing.

In some cases, print and braille are both taught from the beginning, while in other cases print readers are taught braille later in their educational careers.

How should a decision be made whether to use print or braille or both?" (http://www.pathstoliteracy.org/dual-media )

*****************************
"What about large print?

Large print is useful for people with low vision, whereas braille is essential for people with little or no vision. We produce large print documents using 18- to 24-point fonts and can emboss the same text in braille, right over the print, so that both remain readable. In this way, you can serve more visually-impaired people." (https://www.nbp.org/ic/nbp/business/faq.html )

*****************************
"FROM BRAILLE TO PRINT: THE STORY OF FUAZ

For educational purposes, individuals who are blind are so severely impaired 
they must learn to read Braille or use aural methods. Educators often refer to 
those individuals who can read print, even if they need magnifying devices or 
large­print books, as having low vision. (page 341)

From my experience of  teaching students with visual impairment in two secondary
schools in  Malaysia, and  from my visits to schools during practicum supervision, I 
have observed that a significant number of  students using Braille seem to have 
sufficient vision to read print. "

(http://icevi.org/publications/icevi_wc2006/03 access _to_ l... )
*****************************
Peer comment(s):

disagree freekfluweel : Braille is also printed... http://tinyurl.com/h2dg9zw / Please read... and read... and read the original question again, again and again...!!!
1 hr
I think most people will know what you're talking about if you say "braille or printed text". Also, 99% of people, when seeing the phrase "printed text", will not be thinking of braille. / No need to reread the question three times. I speak English.
agree Kitty Brussaard : IMHO this is a well-researched/well-substantiated answer which doesn't deserve a disagree.
3 days 8 hrs
Thanks Kitty!
Something went wrong...
3 hrs

non-tactile text

for want of anything better!
Something went wrong...

Reference comments

22 mins
Reference:

refs

from Google:

"(3) Booklet with activities to be carried out with the half-sphere and the tactile moon (in braille and normal print). (4) 30 sets of "From Earth to the Universe ..."

"Computer trainer Devyani P states, "We had nobody to emulate and had to start from cratch. We researched a lot to produce material in braille and normal print."

"Finally, I came out with a new typography that can be seen as a point of intersection between braille and normal print. This alphabet offers the opportunity for ..."

"braille and normal print. Ice Palace - Swindells, Robert; "

"that can be seen as a point of intersection between braille and normal print”, where Latin and Braille letters are designed on the same grid"

"new typography that can be seen as an intersection between braille and normal print,” as a way to prepare the elderly for reading braille type
"
Something went wrong...
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