It's a legal concept. Simplified, une qualification is a legal characterisation of the facts, etc for determining which charges should be brought etc. But qualifications are definitely not the charges themselves.
You could keep the French too, for the sake of clarity.
See the excellent ref that Lorraine Dubuc posted in the Dbox. http://www.dictionnaire-juridique.com/definition/qualificati...
Fwiw, none of my standard Fr-En dictionaries offer charges as a translation. One (R&C) does attempt a translated sentence: Droit/
■ la qualification d'homicide involontaire a été retenue contre lui : he was charged with manslaughter
but it's misleading because it doesn't mean that une qualification is a charge (une accusation). The dictionary doesn't give an isolated translation of qualification in a legal context.

Other refs:
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qualification_pénale#La_plurali...

http://anglesdroit.hypotheses.org/493

39. Le pouvoir de contrôle de la Cour sur les constatations de fait opérées par le Tribunal s’étend par conséquent, notamment, à l’inexactitude matérielle de ces constatations résultant des pièces du dossier, à la dénaturation des éléments de preuve, à la qualification juridique de ceux-ci et à la question de savoir si les règles en matière de charge et d’administration de la preuve ont été respectées (arrêt Sumitomo Metal Industries et Nippon Steel/Commission, précité, point 39 et jurisprudence citée).

39. The jurisdiction of the Court of Justice to review the findings of fact by the General Court therefore extends, inter alia, to the substantive inaccuracy of those findings as apparent from the documents in the file, the distortion of the evidence, the legal characterisation of that evidence and the question whether the rules relating to the burden of proof and the taking of evidence have been observed ( Sumitomo Metal Industries and Nippon Steel v Commission , paragraph 39 and the case‑law cited).
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/Notice.do?mode=dbl&lang=$sl&lng1=fr,en&lng2=bg,cs,da,de,el,en,es,et,fi,fr,hr,hu,it,lt,lv,mt,nl,pl,pt,ro,sk,sl,sv,&val=745902

(to get the above link to work, it has to be copy/pasted onto the url line. clicking here doesn't seem to do it )