Some references from Internet:

... This either confirmed his linguistic
guess, ...
http://odyssey.apana.org.au/~terminus/iq-34.html

... My only relief is that Husserl is also troubled by this question. His trial answer is a linguistic 'guess'. ...
http://www.01.246.ne.jp/~tnoumi/noumi1/books/timeideath.html

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Note added at 2003-02-08 20:04:18 (GMT)
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Конечно, если это название метода. то можно сказать и
LINGUISTIC GUESSING

Еще один хороший вариант - LINGUISTIC DEDUCTION (напишу сейчас внизу как отдельный вариант, вместе с примерами, чтоб не мешать здесь все в одну кучу).

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Note added at 2003-02-08 20:34:08 (GMT)
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§Ј§г§Ц-§д§С§Ь§Ъ §Я§Ц §е§Х§Ц§в§Ш§е§г§о §Ъ §б§в§Ъ§У§Ц§Х§е §а§Х§Ъ§Я §б§в§Ъ§Ю§Ц§в §б§в§с§Ю§а §Щ§Х§Ц§г§о (§в§С§Щ§в§с§Х§Ь§С §Ю§а§с):

Rethinking \'Unseen\' Translation
A pilot scheme for developing students\' reading skills in Greek and Latin
......She suggested that when vocabulary lists are given out with a passage, students end up looking up fewer words in a dictionary than when there are no vocabulary lists, and so employ _GUESS-WORK_and_LINGUISTIC_DEDUCTION_ more rather than less. She argued further that a small amount of contextual information (for example, the date of the passageas composition, a brief description of the text from which it comes, a brief analysis of the political/social context in which it was written, etc) would remind students that they are in the process of interpreting as well as translating, and would therefore encourage more intellectual effort and produce better translations.
http://www.classics.cam.ac.uk/unseens/reports.html

§°§г§д§С§Э§о§Я§н§Ц §б§в§Ъ§Ю§Ц§в§н §б§в§а LINGUISTIC_DEDUCTION §г§Ю. §У§Я§Ъ§Щ§е §г§д§в§С§Я§Ъ§и§н.

§Ў §У§а§д §б§в§Ъ§Ю§Ц§в§н §б§в§а LINGUISTIC GUESSING:

Five Principles and Five Skills for Training Interpreters
... It is especially important for European languages such as English, Spanish or French. * The capability for good _LINGUISTIC_GUESSING_, predicting and anticipating elements
in sequence can be trained by introducing unfinished sentences in both ...
http://www.erudit.org/revue/meta/2000/v45/n2/003342ar.pdf

... Speech Emergence. Stage III. Intermediate/Advanced Fluency. Stage IV and V. Use visual aids and gestures. Engage students in charades and _LINGUISTIC_GUESSING_ games. ...
http://www.ode.state.or.us/iasa/t3/guide_effstrategies.doc

... linguistic preprocessing of all documents as well as the implementation of robustness techniques for ensuring information based on _LINGUISTIC_GUESSING_ or on ...
http://www.interpeking.com/Deliverables/D3_1_PEKING.pdf

The Role of Metacognitive Awareness
... According to the _PSYCHO _LINGUISTIC_GUESSING_ game, when readers encounter a failure in comprehension and encounter words that they donЁЄt know, they will select ...
http://www.eliteracy.org/courses/912-Fall2000/papers/htms/EB...

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Note added at 2003-02-09 19:59:57 (GMT)
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Извините. кодировка исказилась, но там не было ничего важного, просто сказано, что про Linguistic deduction можно отдельно прочитать внизу.

И еще хочу добавить, что мне кажется, что приставка psycho, которую Вы видите в последнем примере, очень по делу.

Т.е., ответ на Ваш вопрос:

(PSYCHO) LINGUISTIC GUESS - языковая догадка
(PSYCHO) LINGUISTIC GUESSING - языковая догадка
как метод