Perhaps in other contexts, something like lesser (included) charge. For this I wouldn’t worry about the “sub” because “reduced” covers it.

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 2 days 13 hrs (2024-07-30 01:28:22 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

I am changing my answer. A “charge” is from the point of view of law enforcement or a prosecutor – even a defense attorney – i.e., a formal accusation that a person has committed a crime.

A tipo penal, on the other hand, refers to the statutory definition and elements of a specific crime as outlined in the law. It is more about the categorization and legal description of the offense itself, rather than the accusation against an individual.

By reducing the term and bringing it into focus, we can see that in English, tipo penal can be more accurately translated to “criminal offense” or “statutory offense,” referring to the specific crime defined by law.

Taking this into consideration, I offer the following contextual translation:

SOURCE
…que no causa grave daño a la salud, lo que permite la aplicación del subtipo penal atenuado, y las penas contempladas se ven notablemente reducidas respecto al tipo genérico.

TARGET
…that does not cause serious harm to health. This allows for the application of the mitigated subsection of the statute, and the sentencing provisions are significantly reduced compared to the principal offense.