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- Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
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- Vodu, ktorá obsahuje väčšie množstvo rozpustených solí vápnika a horčíka, nazývame tvrdá voda. www.infovek.sk - by Maria Chmelarova
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- Podľa obsahu aniónov kyselín rozlišujeme prechodnú (uhličitanovú) a trvalú tvrdosť vody, ktorú spôsobujú najmä sírany.
- www.infovek.sk
 by Maria Chmelarova - Tvrdá voda zvyčajne chutí lepšie ako mäkká voda. Rozpustené látky v tvrdej vode pomáhajú produkovať tvrdé zuby a kosti, vďaka prítomnosti uhličitanu a fosforečnanu vápenatého. - www.infovek.sk by Maria Chmelarova
- Nežiaduci prejav tvrdej vody je; tvorba vodného kameňa vo varných nádobách, teplovodných trubkách, ohrievačoch vody a kotloch, vyššia spotreba pracích prostriedkov. - www.mkw.sk by Maria Chmelarova
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- Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
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- İçerisinde başta kalsiyum ve magnezyum tuzları olmak üzere nispeten yüksek miktarda çözünmüş tuz içeren su. DSİ Hidroloji Sözlüğü - by Selcuk Akyuz
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- Evsel kullanımlarda ise; sert su ile yıkanan giysiler, zamanla, solar ve sertleşir. - CRS by Selcuk Akyuz
- Sert sular özellikle mutfak yağlarıyla birleşerek giderlerde tıkanmayı hızlandırır - arsimak by Selcuk Akyuz
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- Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
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- Tvrda voda je uzrokovana prisustvom otopljenih soli kalcija i magnezija (nekada i željeza). Prolazna (privremena) tvrdoća potiče od kalcija i hidrogenkarbonata i uklanja se kuhanjem.Stalna tvrdoća se odnosi na sulfate i kloride kalcija i magnezija. Wikipedia - by vladowsky
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- Vode s mineralnih i termalnih izvora obiluju kalcijem i magnezijem i uvijek imaju visoki stupanj tvrdoće. Kada govorimo o konzumnoj vodi, problem se ne zove TVRDA VODA nego KAMENAC koji se javlja kao posljedica transporta kroz vodovodne instalacije i promjene pritiska i temperature tijekom njezina iskorištavanja. Omekšana voda potrebna je u mnogim proizvodnim procesima ali nije pogodna za ljudsko zdravlje. - Agromarketing by vladowsky
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- Chemistry; Chem Sci/Eng
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- En química, el agua dura (por contraposición al agua blanda) es aquella que posee una dureza superior a 120 mg CaCO3/l. Es decir que contiene un alto nivel de minerales, en particular sales de magnesio y calcio. Son éstas las causantes de la dureza del agua, y el grado de dureza es directamente proporcional a la concentración de sales metálicas. Wikipedia - by Laura Mangini
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- El agua dura puede volver a ser blanda, con el agregado de carbonato de sodio o potasio, para precipitarlo como sales de carbonatos, o por medio de intercambio iónico con salmuera en presencia de zeolita o resinas sintéticas - Wikipedia by Laura Mangini
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