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- Behaviorismi on 1900-luvun alkupuolella syntynyt psykologiatieteen oppirakennelma, joka korostaa tarkasteltavana olevan yksilön ulkoista toiminta. Sen mukaan yksilön käyttäytymistä selitettäessä ei tarvitse turvautua yksilön sisäisiin mielentiloihin. Own research - by HGU
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- Puhuttaessa täsmällisistä opeista on erotettava toisistaan behaviorismi psykologiassa ja filosofiassa, vaikka nämä ovatkin sukua toisilleen. (a) Behaviorismi oli vaikutusvaltainen virtaus tämän vuosisadan alkupuolen psykologiassa (Pavlov, Watson, Hull, Skinner). - Helsingin yliopisto - filosofian sanasto by HGU
- Klassisen behaviorismin mukaan ihmistutkimuksessa on pitäydyttävä objektiivisesti havaittavien ärsykkeiden (S=stimulus) ja reaktioiden (R=response) välisten S-R -kytkentöjen kartoittamiseen. - TKK - kasvatustieteen sanasto by HGU
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- वाटसन का व्यवहावाद जिसमें व्यवहार का वस्तुपरक अध्ययन किया जाता है तथा किसी मानसिक जीवन या आंतरिक अवस्था का ध्यान किया जाता और विचारों को शब्दों में परिवर्तित किया जाता है । wikipedia - by dhsanjeev
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- व्यवहारवाद एक मानसिक प्रवृति है जिसे मस्तिष्क के दर्शन के व्यतिरेक में देखा जा सकता है । - wikipedia by dhsanjeev
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- Doctrina psicològica segons la qual l'estudi de la conducta ha de circumscriure's a l'estudi de les dades objectivament observables i mesurables del comportament, excloent-ne la descripció del contingut de la consciència i prescindint de la introspecció. l'Enciclopèdia - by Asier Merino
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- En el camp de la psicologia, el Conductisme descriu les posicions que s'estenen de la creença que l'estudi del comportament té un valor independent d'altres preocupacions. - Viquipèdia by Asier Merino
- El conductisme és una de les teories més representatives del model dit de l’aprenentatge - La psicologia del desenvolupament by Asier Merino
- El conductisme o behaviorisme, com a norma general,només tracta de fets observables, i la manera que té d’estudiar-los és per mitjà del mètode de les ciències naturals. - Xtec by Asier Merino
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- Behaviorismus (behavior,ang.chování) je přístup v psychologii založený na tvrzení, že chování lze vědecky zkoumat bez odkazu na vnitřní duševní stavy. Je to druh materialismu, popírající nezávislý význam mysli. Snaží se zkoumat proces adaptace člověka na prostředí a oproti funkcionalismu behaviorismus studuje objektivně – používá laboratorní výzkum chování tzn. měří všechno.
Wikipedia - by Markéta Demlová MITI
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- 심리학의 대상을 의식이 아니고 관찰가능한 행동으로 보는 입장. 1913년 왓슨이 의식내용 분석을 중심으로 하는 전통적 심리학을 비판하고, 심리학이 과학적이기 위해서는 객관적으로 관찰 가능한 행동을 대상으로 해야 한다고 강조한 것이 행동주의의 시초가 되었다. 왓슨은 동물의 행동을 자극과 반응 관계로 환원하여 설명할 수 있다고 보았는데 이것이 자극-반응이론이다. 그러나 1930년 무렵 초기 행동주의의 문제점을 비판하고 생득적 반응경향과 경험을 통해 형성된 반응경향(습관)을 매개을 중시하는 신행동주의가 시작되었으며 헐(C.L.Hull)은 가설연역법을 근거로 몇 개의 근본가설에서 추출한 하위법칙을 실험적으로 검증하여 행동이론을 수립하려 하였다. 기술적 행동주의(discriptive behaviorism)의 입장을 취하는 스키너는 강화이론을 중심으로 한 행동주의이론을 발전시켰다. 한국인지및실험심리학회 - by English2Korean
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- 행동주의
행동주의(行動主義, behaviorism)는 심리학의 중요한 조류 중 하나로, 심리적 탐구의 대상을 의식에 두지 않고 외현적으로 나타나는 행동에 두는 입장이다. 따라서 인간은 자극에 따라 반응하는 존재로 보고, 학습이란 인간의 바람직한 행동의 변화를 일으키기 위해 적절한 자극과 그 반응을 강화시키는 것으로 이해한다. 1913년 J.B.웟슨이 주장한 이후 미국 심리학의 주요한 줄기가 되어 왔다.
이전까지 심리학은 심리적 탐구의 대상을 의식에 두어야 한다고 알려져 왔기 때문에 행동주의는 심리학의 과학화에 기여한 측면이 있다.
대표적인 이론들
* 파블로프의 고전적 조건화(Classical Conditioning)
* 스키너의 조작적 조건화(Operant Conditioning)
* 반두라의 관찰학습(Observational Learning)
- 위키백과 by English2Korean
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- A psychological theory that claims all mental states can be reduced to statements of observable behaviors. In learning theory, the claim is all learning is based on a stimulus-response relationship. teAchnology
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- Behaviorism, along with applied linguistics, which developed detailed descriptions of the differences between languages, had a great influence on language teaching. - TESL HISTORY
- In behaviorism the teacher is the main focus of the class and all the students must often follow the directions exactly as they are given. - Articlebase
- In education, advocates of behaviorism have effectively adopted this system of rewards and punishments in their classrooms by rewarding desired behaviors and punishing inappropriate ones. - Department of Educational Psychology and Instructional Technology, University of Georgia
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- Kierunek w psychologii, rozpowszechniony gł. w USA, zakładający badanie nie zjawisk psychologicznych, ale postępowania człowieka w oderwaniu od aktów świadomości, nie uwzględniający czynnika społecznego w kształtowaniu psychiki ludzkiej. Słownik Wyrazów Obcych W. Kopaliński - by MagDol
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- Behawioryzm dystansował się od wcześniejszych teorii psychologicznych, podkreślających znaczenie świadomości. - Słownik HR by MagDol
- W tym świetle cechą konstytutywną behawioryzmu staje się „niefrasobliwe szkodzenie ludziom pod płaszczykiem niesienia im pomocy” lub zmiany ich zachowań. - PTPB by MagDol
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