Federation
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Note added at 38 mins (2011-04-17 21:20:40 GMT)
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Claims-Based Apps

Claims-Based Authorization with WIF

Michele Leroux Bustamante

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Over the past few years, federated security models and claims-based access control have become increasingly popular. In a federated security model, authentication can be performed by a Security Token Service (STS), and the STS can issue security tokens carrying claims that assert the identity of the authenticated user and the user’s access rights. Federation allows users to authenticate in their own domain while being granted access to applications and services that belong to another domain—provided the domains have an established trust relationship. This approach removes the need to provision and manage duplicate accounts for a single user, and enables single sign-on (SSO) scenarios. Claims-based access is central to a federated security model whereby applications and services authorize access to features and functionality based on claims from issuers (the STS) in trusted domains. Claims can contain information about the user, roles or permissions, and this makes for a very flexible authorization model. Together, federated security and claims-based access enable a range of integration scenarios across applications, departments and partners in a wider ecosystem.

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Note added at 39 mins (2011-04-17 21:21:17 GMT)
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Why Federated and Claims-Based Security?

The benefits of federated and claims-based security can be seen in the context of a few distinct goals:

Decoupling the authentication mechanism from applications and services.
Replacing roles with claims as a more flexible, granular artifact for authorization.
Reducing IT pain related to provisioning and deprovisioning users.
Granting trusted domains, including possibly external federated partners, access to application features and functionality.

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Note added at 40 mins (2011-04-17 21:22:17 GMT)
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PDF] A UDDI Search Engine for SVG Federated Medical Imaging Web Services
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make that a "5" confidence level:)