Litigation and enforcement in the Russian Federation: overview
Court structure

8. Does the court impose any rules on the parties in relation to pre-action conduct? If yes, are there penalties for failing to comply?
Compliance with pre-trial procedure is necessary where such procedure is stipulated by a federal law or a contract.
The CPC provides for a general rule of such mandatory pre-trial procedure, under which commercial disputes based on monetary claims arising out of contracts, other transactions or unjust enrichment can only be filed if the claimant has complied with the pre-claim procedure. The statutory term for the pre-claim procedure is 30 calendar days from sending a pre-trial claim to the other party, unless otherwise stipulated in the law or a contract.
Other cases for mandatory pre-trial procedure can be provided in other federal laws or parties' contracts.

https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/5-502-0694?transi...

On June 01, 2016, an imperative pre-trial claim procedure was introduced for certain types of economic disputes. The amended article 4 of the Russian Commercial Procedure Code now states the case can only be filed to the court following 30 days from the date the pre-trial claim was sent to the potential defendant. The proceedings shall be initiated provided the claimant amongst all provides the court with evidence it made an effort to settle outside the chambers.

https://alexandra-andreeva.com/2017/05/19/adr-in-russia-is-t...
As a general rule, the claimant would need to serve a claim letter to comply with the pre-trial procedure, although different procedures

https://www.nortonrosefulbright.com/en/knowledge/publication...

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