1) To answer your question, you should leave the original language on the CV.
Then, by a footnote, for example, you could provide a translation. The essential point is that in your FR example, the FR university awarded a French qualification, not an EN one.
By convention, titles of diplomas, certificates and qualifications in general are not to be translated. The reasoning is that if you translate "Master" (a term now used in FR education) or "Maîtrise" (the former Masters in France) into "Masters", it is as if you are saying that the French qualification is the same as a masters in the UK, the US, etc. The fact is, that translators cannot sit in the shoes of equivalence boards/commissions whose job it is to assess the value of an overseas qualifications and try to see to what extent an equivalent level might be awarded for entrance onto another course in another country, the entitlement to exercise a particular profession in another country and so on.
To illustrate my point, the FR term "Maîtrise" was formally the level that would be awarded after 4 years of successful university study. That level is nowadays more commonly described by a "Masters 1" or "M1".
Another French example might be a "Masters" or a "Bachelors" from a private establishment in France. Some award officially recognised qualifications, other use the UK/US titles and are not officially recognised by the French state. Some of them may not be bad at all, but as they are not recognised, their value in France can be problematic. Overseas, they may be worthless.
Also, having a particular level in one country may provide access to a particular profession. In the UK, a psychologist must have a PhD; that is not the case in France, where a fully-flegded clinical psychologist can practice once he has an appropriate Master 2, a 3-year undergraduate degree in Psychoogy and a 2-year postgrad degree in Psychology. A FR psychologist cannot practice in the UK as "psychologist", although I think he/she might be able to practice as a therapist
Sorry for the boring lesson bit, but that is the long and the short of it. Mainly the long of it!

2) Solution for the CV? Leave the official FR title and indicate, perhaps by a footnote, a "translation" of the description, indicating the number of successful years of university study involved.

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Note added at 18 hrs (2017-04-25 02:28:46 GMT)
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Suggested EN (UK) version for a footnote:

"Masters degree in Humanities, Literature and Languages, specialising in Secondary-level Teaching, Education and Training ("MEEF")*, Italian language."

Comments:
- addition of the term "degree"
- "Humanities" (Arts)
- putting "secondary-level" before the list of the nouns it qualifies
- putting "MEEF" in brackets after the terms it represents.


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Note added at 18 hrs (2017-04-25 02:30:42 GMT)
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Sorry, Master of Arts could (should) be kept.
Masters degree of Arts, Literature... etc.