Glossary entry

French term or phrase:

émission

English translation:

attack

Added to glossary by Victoria Britten
Jun 12, 2014 12:30
10 yrs ago
3 viewers *
French term

émission

French to English Art/Literary Music orchestral music
At the Paris conservatoire, halfway through the first year of two on a conducting course.

A student is conducting an (ad hoc) orchestra. The instructor interrupts to say,
"Il faut que tu sois beaucoup plus clair sur les **émissions**. Tu vois, dans l'introduction, il y a plusieurs **émissions** devant/de vents [I assumed the latter, the person who did the transcription went for the former] qui sont pas ensemble, c'est un peu de ta faute."

I know the word is used in talking about vocal technique, but I can't make that fit here.
Change log

Jun 16, 2014 07:47: Victoria Britten Created KOG entry

Discussion

Ashley Burricks Jun 13, 2014:
I'm pretty sure this means 'entrances', the conductor is complaining that not everybody is coming in at the same time making a muddy sound.

David Vaughn Jun 12, 2014:
Meaning "Il faut que tu sois beaucoup plus clair sur les émissions. Tu vois, dans l'introduction, il y a plusieurs émissions de vents qui sont pas ensemble, c'est un peu de ta faute."

This is a conductor. He can be clear about when he signals entrances/entries (by cuing, but more importantly by a clear baton, especially here in the beginning of the piece, when the tempo is yet to be firmly established - particularly if the conductor lacks clarity.

If he is unclear then the musicians will garble their tone. But it is unlikely he is being told to be more clear about how the sound is emitted. That is not his job.

But indicating clearly when the note should begin, which will allow the players to hit the beginning of the note with the same sort of breath pressure will definitely have an effect on the tone - which is the only part of the "production of sound" (along with breath) that is interesting to a conductor.
Nikki Scott-Despaigne Jun 12, 2014:
"émission" is clearly referering to the production of a sound. I think that much is clear.
It is conceivable that "devant" is meant and not "de vent". As a bassoonist, sitting at the back of a 150-strong symphony orchestra, it is quite possible that the tutor is explaining to the pupil conductor that his indications are not clear enough to those in front, in which case this is the first desks of the string sections, not wind at all. It's a secondary point here, but one you will need to clear with the client. Is this "devant" or "de vent"?

Its hard Googling this as "émission" with "chef d'orchestre" and a whole host of keywords generally gets zillions of hit with "émission" meaning (TV/Radio) show, programme, etc.
Victoria Britten (asker) Jun 12, 2014:
No context I do have the video, but it isn't in the public domain so I don't feel free to share it. [I realise that in this question I haven't said I'm subtitling it.] As I said with the previous question, these are just clips - to illustrate the kind of work that is being done - and in this case we don't get to hear the points the instructor is picking up on, we just see the discussion.
David Vaughn Jun 12, 2014:
listening Oh - you don't have the video? Yikes.
I wasn't questioning the transcription. I meant listening to the orchestra to see what teacher was complaining about.

I'm pretty sure an English conductor would talk about "tone" if the focus is purely on "émission", and "entrances" if it were primarily rhythmic. But the real situation is likely both together.

The two languages approach this differently. For example, "emissions" wouldn't likely be a plural in English in this context, but rather an uncountable. So its use would be awkward.
Victoria Britten (asker) Jun 12, 2014:
Tell me about it! I did look, but the documentary isn't yet on line. However, I'm at least 95% certain that's the word used: lip-reading and all...
David Vaughn Jun 12, 2014:
listening Pity we can't hear the video, the problem is most likely audible.
Victoria Britten (asker) Jun 12, 2014:
@David & Claude-Andrew That was my first, fleeting idea, but I discarded it because there is a perfectly good, precise, ordinary word - "entrée" - for that, and since "émission" is repeated I kind of feel bound to assume it's not just a slip of the tongue.
Victoria Britten (asker) Jun 12, 2014:
Exactly! That's what I was saying: I know "émission" as a musical term, but in the context of vocal production.
writeaway Jun 12, 2014:
how is this about vocal de vents refers to woodwinds afaik

Proposed translations

+1
3 hrs
Selected

attack

As an ex-professional clarinettist, I would suggest this means 'attack' - i.e. the way in which a wind player produces (or articulates) the note. This doesn't necessarily mean at the beginning (or entry) of a phrase - it applies to every note.

'Attacks' can be hard (i.e. producing the note by articulating a 't' on the reed', soft (with a 'd') or legato (with nothing at all).

Hope that helps!

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 21 hrs (2014-06-13 09:54:49 GMT)
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...emissions also helpfully shown in this link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Emission_clarinette.png
Note from asker:
That makes very good sense, though I'm afraid as a non-clarinettist I can't make any sense of your link!
Peer comment(s):

agree David Vaughn : Yes, I agree this is better than entry/entrances. While attack is just one part of émission, that is certainly the essential element in this context.
1 day 6 hrs
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4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer. Comment: "Thanks a lot, Jamie!"
16 mins

entrances

I'm not sure.
Note from asker:
Thanks, David
Peer comment(s):

neutral writeaway : emission generally refers to sound produced I thought
5 mins
I agree, writeaway, it is the "pas ensembles" that suggests timing to me. But perhaps it is the timbre which isn't together. It is possible it is both, since winds, especially brass, have a hard time with starting the notes.
neutral Nikki Scott-Despaigne : An "entrance" is for someone entering the stage, I've almost always heard "entry".
2 hrs
A BE AE thing? Googling things like "entrance of the violins" vs entry, I get roughly the same number of hits for both, referring to the musical entrance, and not stage..
neutral Angela Dickson (X) : Always "entries" for me (I've been playing in orchestras for 25 years) but it may well be otherwise in US EN
21 hrs
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31 mins

(the wind instruments) come in (several times)

There are several points where the wind instruments play
Note from asker:
Thanks for your input
Something went wrong...
-1
2 hrs

scores

Score

A musical score is written music that shows all parts. A conductor's score, for example, may have as many as thirty different simultaneous instrumental parts on one page, normally having the woodwind at the top, followed below by the brass, the percussion and the strings. A distinction is made between a vocal score, which gives voice parts with a simplified two-stave version of any instrumental parts, and a full score, which includes all vocal and instrumental parts generally on separate staves. To score a work is to write it out in score.
Note from asker:
Thanks for giving your time, Verginia
Peer comment(s):

disagree Nikki Scott-Despaigne : I'm afraid this does not work in either if the examples in the texte provided.
19 mins
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Reference comments

2 hrs
Reference:

entry

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conducting

"Cueing[edit]
The indication of entries, when a performer or section should begin playing (perhaps after a long period of silence), is called "cueing". A cue must forecast with certainty the exact moment of the coming ictus, so that all the players or singers affected by the cue can begin playing simultaneously. Cueing is achieved by engaging the players before their entry and executing a clear preparation, often directed toward the specific players. An inhalation, which may or may not be a semi-audible "sniff" from the conductor, is a common element in the cueing technique of many conductors. Mere eye contact or a look in the general direction of the players may be sufficient in many instances, as when more than one section of the ensemble enters at the same time. Larger musical events may warrant the use of a larger or more emphatic cue designed to encourage emotion and energy."
Note from asker:
Thanks once again, Nikki.
Peer comments on this reference comment:

agree Alison Kapor (X) : Yes, I think this is the best answer
1 hr
disagree JamieBrown : Respectfully, 'entry' would be referred to as 'entree' in French, so it's not this. 'Emissions' in terms of clarinet playing refer to articulation, or attack, as demonstrated in this graph: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Emission_clarinette.png
18 hrs
agree Angela Dickson (X) : This is very clearly what is meant, so I wonder if there's a transcription error or just a slip of the tongue on the tutor's part?
19 hrs
Something went wrong...
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