In the scientific theory, the terms academic entrepreneur and academic entrepreneurship are defined and developed further in very different ways. From the traditional perspective academic entrepreneurship means an "university spin-off" or an institutional transfer of research, development, or technology to start innovations or ventures (see, for example, Shane 2004).

According to Beckman and Cherwitz (2009), academic entrepreneurship can be defined as an ‘intellectual enterprise,’ in which universities cooperate with local communities to create new values or ideas. With the special focus on the production of knowledge an academic entrepreneurship is close to the definition of an “academic firm” (Campbell and Güttel 2005), which sees an academic entrepreneur operating simultaneously as intellectual actor (= academic) and as entrepreneurial actor (= firm).

建议翻译为：

学术／知识企业 （基于上面解释、下面例句及原文来自大学课程，个人较偏向用 ‘学术’）

供参考。