The aroma recurrence or "after-taste"

Another alternative, if you have already translated 'arrière-bouche' with 'back palate' or 'finish', and 'persistance' with 'length'; in which case you might want to consider 'retro-olfaction' for 'retour d'arômes', which by the way also translates as 'after-aroma' or 'finish', as suggested by our colleagues.

A few refs for you:

'Arôme
S’applique aux odeurs perçues en bouche par rétro olfaction. Composé volatil. Fragrance des vins due aux cépages et à la fermentation par opposition au bouquet (fragrance de vieillissement). Les bourgognes ont des particularités aromatiques liées aux cépages (notamment le Chardonnay et le Pinot Noir), aux terroirs et à la situation septentrionale du vignoble. Arômes primaires dus au cépage, secondaires apportés par les fermentations et tertiaires (bouquet) apparaissant au vieillissement.'
(source, http://www.vins-bourgogne.fr/glossaire/glossaire,694,3933.ht...

The following excerpt comes from a rum-tasting website, but can easily apply to wine:
'La rétro-olfaction. Le phénomène de rétro-olfaction, qui se produit plusieurs minutes après la dégustation, est généralement le signe d'un produit de qualité. Celle-ci, située à mi-chemin entre l'olfactif et le gustatif correspond à un retour aromatique du nez vers la bouche. Assez souvent, la rétro-olfaction met en valeur avec précision, un arôme perçu préalablement.'
(source, http://www.distilleriesavanna.com/index.php?content=degustat...

'Retro-olfaction
Smells are perceived through the nose and aromas in the mouth. After taking a mouthful of wine, the taster adds oxygen by drawing in air while keeping the wine in his/her mouth “grumage”. He/she can then identify and
describe the aromas perceived.'
(source, www.burgundy-wines.fr/enjoying/initiation-course/tasting...... - page 2)

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Note added at 1 day17 hrs (2010-10-20 08:13:47 GMT)
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An excerpt from one of Robert Parker's tasting notes (on a Spanish wine), which may be of help,
'(...) Noble, full-bodied, and very well balanced tannins, despite its youth. A whirlwind of fruit sensations return in <b<retro-olfaction, while pleasant mineral and balsamic hints give way to a long and elegant finish.'
(source, http://www.serenity.com.sg/bar.htm)

and one from a winemaker's,
'[...] mellow tannins ending in an elegant, persistent finish and extended retro-olfaction.'
(http://www.wine.com/V6/Louis-Jadot-Moulin-a-Vent-Chateau-des...

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Note added at 1 day18 hrs (2010-10-20 09:02:14 GMT) Post-grading
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Don't mention it.