Nightingale, Florence
A British philanthropist, 1820-1910, who is considered the founder of nursing as a profession, a formidable statistician, and a pioneering hospital reformer.
She was one of many trained nurses to serve in Crimea and dramatically lowered the death rate in the British army by advocating cleanliness and reform of sanitary conditions in hospitals at the battle front. The astonishing decrease in morbidity and mortality at the front riveted the public both in Britain and in the rest of the West, and the Nightingale Fund gained large contributions from donors around the world. The fund was used to establish a ¶school of ¶nursing at St. Thomas' Hospital in London, England, in 1860. The ¶school became a model for ¶nursing schools around the world, and the first ¶nursing ¶school based on the Nightingale model to be established in the U.S. was at Bellevue Hospital in New York.

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Note added at 2003-03-22 19:22:23 (GMT)
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Medical school -- это ВЫСШЕЕ учебное заведение

physician
[O. Fr. physicien]
A person who has successfully completed the prescribed course of studies in medicine in a ¶medical ¶school officially recognized by the country in which it is located, and who has acquired the requisite qualifications for licensure in the practice of medicine.

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Note added at 2003-03-22 19:23:51 (GMT)
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nurse clinician
A registered nurse with preparation in a specialized educational program.
At present this preparation may be in the context of a formal continuing education program, a baccalaureate nursing program, or an advanced-degree nursing program. The nurse clinician is capable of working independently in solving patient-care problems and is able to teach and work successfully with others on the medical care team. The term was first used by Frances Reiter, R.N., M.A., Dean, Graduate ¶School of Nursing, New York ¶Medical College.

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Note added at 2003-03-22 19:38:08 (GMT)
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На 100% не уверена, но Medical College -- тоже ВЫСШЕЕ учебное заведение

col·lege n. Abbr. col., coll. 1.a. An institution of higher learning that grants the bachelor\'s degree in liberal arts or science or both. b. An undergraduate division or school of a university offering courses and granting degrees in a particular field. c. A school, sometimes but not always a university, offering special instruction in professional or technical subjects.

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Note added at 2003-03-22 19:47:15 (GMT)
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Прошу меня простить, не указала источники цитат: все кроме последней -- из Taber\'s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary, последняя из American Heritage Dictionary