I don't really think "possible" is necessary here, since I'd say it's covered by "intent".

I think "dolo eventual", which means the possibility of harming others is wilful missconduct, and "dolo", which is the intention to harm is "malice".

the driver simply did not care

Estoy llegando (nuevamente) a la conclusión de que se trata de un concepto que no maneja el derecho anglosajón.

Veo muchas citas de derecho internacional que lo ponen en latín, y tal vez esa podría ser una solución.

Ni hablar que despues, así como hay tantas "bibliotecas" sobre la teoría de la culpa, también hay diferentes posiciones sobre el dolo eventual, pero eso ya va más allá de un uso general de la expresión, que es el que corrientemente va a aparecer en las sentencias judiciales.



Revista Ius et Praxis Año 10 No 2 : 59 - 95, 2004
ARTÍCULOS DE DOCTRINA
La Estructura del Dolo Eventual y las Nuevas Fenomenologías de Riesgo

Stefano Canestrari (*)

(*) Profesor catedrático de Derecho Penal y Decano de la Faculdad de Derecho de la Universidad de Bolonia, Italia.

Traducción realizada por Beatriz Romero Flores, Doctora europea en Derecho.

RESUMEN

El texto aborda la discusión acerca de la estructura del dolo eventual, a partir de su fenomenología contemporánea, y el tratamiento que la jurisprudencia y doctrina alemana e italiana le han dado, particularmente en relación a supuestos relacionados con la transmisión de enfermedades de carácter sexual y de negativa de transfusión de sangre a menores por padres Testigos de Jehová. Se afirma que la doctrina dominante del consentimiento o aceptación no resuelve adecuadamente la fenomenología analizada y se plantea superar las dificultades que ello acarrea mediante la regulación legal del concepto de dolo eventual que se propone como conclusión.

Dolo eventual. Regulación legal del dolo eventual. Derecho penal

ABSTRACT

The article discusses the structure of dolus eventualis (recklessness), considering its contemporary phenomenology, and the contributions of judicial decisions and legal scholarship in Germany and Italy. Especial consideration is given to the cases of sexually transmitted diseases and the refusal of blood transfusions to children by their Jehova's Witnesses parents. It is argued that the dominant doctrine of consent or acceptance does nor adequately resolve the analyzed phenomena, and a proposal is advanced towards a legal definition of the concept of recklessness.

Penal law. Reck lessness. Legal definition of reck lessness
http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?pid=S0718-00122004000200003&...


Reclaiming Fundamental Principles of Criminal Law in the Darfur Case
George P. Fletcher* and Jens David Ohlin**

* Cardozo Professor of Jurisprudence, Columbia University Law School; member of the Journal 's Board of Editors; [email protected]. ** Ph.D., Columbia University; J.D., Columbia University Law School; [email protected].

According to the authors, the Report of the UN Commission of Inquiry on Darfur and the Security Council referral of the situation in Darfur to the International Criminal Court (ICC) bring to light two serious deficiencies of the ICC Statute and, more generally, international criminal law: (i) the systematic ambiguity between collective responsibility (i.e. the responsibility of the whole state) and criminal liability of individuals, on which current international criminal law is grounded, and (ii) the failure of the ICC Statute fully to comply with the principle of legality. The first deficiency is illustrated by highlighting the notions of genocide and genocidal intent, as well as that of joint criminal enterprise. The second is exposed by drawing attention to the uncertainties and ambiguities surrounding such notions as recklessness and dolus eventualis, and in addition to the frequent reliance in both international case law and the legal literature on...
http://jicj.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/3/3/539

Abstract
New Criminal Law Review
Summer 2009, Vol. 12, No. 3, Pages 433–467 , DOI 10.1525/nclr.2009.12.3.433
Posted online on November 13, 2009.
(doi:10.1525/nclr.2009.12.3.433)

Dolus Eventualis and the Rome Statute Without It?

Mohamed Elewa Badar‌



Article 30 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court provides a general definition for the mental element required to trigger the criminal responsibility of individuals for serious violations of international humanitarian law. At first sight, it appears that the explicit words of Article 30 are sufficient to put an end to a long-lasting debate regarding the mens rea enigma that has confronted the jurisprudence of the two ad hoc Tribunals for the last decade, but this is not true. Recent decisions rendered by the International Criminal Court evidence the discrepancy among the ICC Pre-Trial Chambers in interpreting the exact meaning of Article 30 of the ICC Statute. The paper challenges that dolus eventualis is one of the genuine and independent pillars of criminal responsibility that forms, on its own, the basis of intentional crimes, and suggests its inclusion in the legal standard of Article 30 of the ICC Statute.
http://caliber.ucpress.net/doi/abs/10.1525/nclr.2009.12.3.43...

According to legal scholars and traditions, mens rea can take one of three forms:

- dolus directus (direct intent), where the consequences of an action were both foreseen and desired by the perpetrator. Here, a perpetrator desires the death of a victim and foresees that a certain act will bring about the death of the victim;

- dolus indirectus (indirect intent), where secondary consequences in addition to those desired by a perpetrator of an act were foreseen by the perpetrator as a certain result, although the perpetrator did not specifically desire these secondary consequences, he still committed the act with knowledge of them; and

- dolus eventualis, where a perpetrator foresees consequences other than those directly desired as a possibility, and not necessarily a certainty, but nevertheless proceeds with a criminal act.52
http://www.unt.edu/honors/eaglefeather/2006_Issue/jung4.shtm...

--------

Estuve buscando también: hace tiempo traduje "recklessness" como dolo eventual, y ahora veo que muchos autores lo aceptan y otros encuentran que no es exactamente lo mismo.

Por eso se me ocurre que dejarlo en latín podría ser la opción más segura.

compare:

1. direct intent
2. conditional intent
3. transferred malice

according to Alcaraz Varó's dictionary of legal terminology...

I think that the definitions in the Alcaraz Varó dictionary for "dolo" capture the essence of what is meant well. I would go with "criminal intent" because it gets across the meaning of deliberate or malicious motives.