Glossary entry (derived from question below)
Russian term or phrase:
степень распространения рака
English translation:
extent of tumor/disease
Added to glossary by
Andrew Vdovin
Apr 18, 2007 07:10
17 yrs ago
3 viewers *
Russian term
по степени распространения рака
Russian to English
Medical
Medical (general)
rectal cancer
По степени распространения рака прямой кишки больные разделились следующим образом: Dukes B – 2 больных, Dukes C – 6 больных.
Proposed translations
(English)
Proposed translations
+2
6 hrs
Selected
extent of tumor/disease
степень распространенности опухоли = extent of tumor/disease
Еще это называют stage of disease, а процедуру установления этой самой распространенности -- staging.
Вот выдержки из книги, в которых говорится как раз о раке прямой кишки:
Other anatomic staging systems are used for some tumors, for example, the ¶Dukes classification for colorectal cancers...
...in patients with stage II (¶Dukes' B) tumors but not stage III (¶Dukes' C) tumors...
The prognosis for individuals having colorectal cancer is closely related to the depth of tumor penetration into the bowel wall and the presence of both regional lymph node involvement and distant metastases. These variables are incorporated into the staging system introduced by ¶Dukes and recently applied to a TNM classification method, in which T represents the depth of tumor penetration, N the presence of lymph node involvement, and M the presence or absence of distant metastases (Table 92.6). Patients with superficial lesions that do not penetrate into the muscularis or involve regional lymph nodes are designated as having stage A (T1N0M0) disease; patients whose tumors have penetrated more deeply but have not spread to lymph nodes have stage B disease [subclassified as stage B1 (T2N0M0) if lesions are restricted to the muscularis and as stage B2 (T3N0M0) if lesions involve or penetrate the serosa]; regional lymph node involvement defines stage C (TxN1M0) disease; and metastatic spread to sites such as liver, lung, or bone indicates stage D (TxNxM1) disease. Unless gross evidence of metastatic disease is present, it is impossible to accurately determine disease stage before surgical resection and pathologic analysis of the operative specimens.
Прогноз при раке толстой кишки зависит от глубины инвазии и наличия регионарных и отдаленных метастазов. На этих критериях основана как классификация рака толстой кишки по Дьюксу, так и международная классификация по системе TNM (табл. 92.6). Индекс T (tumor) обозначает размер первичной опухоли и степень ее прорастания в окружающие ткани, индекс N (nodulus) — поражение регионарных лимфоузлов, индекс M (metastasis) — отсутствие или наличие отдаленных метастазов. Если метастазов в регионарных лимфоузлах нет, а опухоль не прорастает мышечную оболочку, то это стадия A по Дьюксу (T1 N0 M0), если же прорастает, — стадия B. Стадию B делят на две подстадии — B1 (T2 N0 M0), если опухоль ограничена мышечной оболочкой, и B2 (T3—4 N0 M0), если опухоль прорастает серозную оболочку или распространяется на окружающие ткани. При поражении лимфоузлов говорят о стадии C (T1—4 N1 M0), а при наличии отдаленных метастазов — о стадии D (T1—4 N1—3 M1). Если до операции метастазы не выявлены, точно определить стадию заболевания без гистологического исследования невозможно.
А вот примеры использования термина extent of tumor (источник тот же, только опухоли другие):
The most important single factor affecting prognosis in MMTs is the ¶extent of ¶tumor at the time of treatment...
The peritoneal cavity and retroperitoneum are thoroughly inspected and palpated to assess the ¶extent of the primary ¶tumor and the metastatic disease.
Еще это называют stage of disease, а процедуру установления этой самой распространенности -- staging.
Вот выдержки из книги, в которых говорится как раз о раке прямой кишки:
Other anatomic staging systems are used for some tumors, for example, the ¶Dukes classification for colorectal cancers...
...in patients with stage II (¶Dukes' B) tumors but not stage III (¶Dukes' C) tumors...
The prognosis for individuals having colorectal cancer is closely related to the depth of tumor penetration into the bowel wall and the presence of both regional lymph node involvement and distant metastases. These variables are incorporated into the staging system introduced by ¶Dukes and recently applied to a TNM classification method, in which T represents the depth of tumor penetration, N the presence of lymph node involvement, and M the presence or absence of distant metastases (Table 92.6). Patients with superficial lesions that do not penetrate into the muscularis or involve regional lymph nodes are designated as having stage A (T1N0M0) disease; patients whose tumors have penetrated more deeply but have not spread to lymph nodes have stage B disease [subclassified as stage B1 (T2N0M0) if lesions are restricted to the muscularis and as stage B2 (T3N0M0) if lesions involve or penetrate the serosa]; regional lymph node involvement defines stage C (TxN1M0) disease; and metastatic spread to sites such as liver, lung, or bone indicates stage D (TxNxM1) disease. Unless gross evidence of metastatic disease is present, it is impossible to accurately determine disease stage before surgical resection and pathologic analysis of the operative specimens.
Прогноз при раке толстой кишки зависит от глубины инвазии и наличия регионарных и отдаленных метастазов. На этих критериях основана как классификация рака толстой кишки по Дьюксу, так и международная классификация по системе TNM (табл. 92.6). Индекс T (tumor) обозначает размер первичной опухоли и степень ее прорастания в окружающие ткани, индекс N (nodulus) — поражение регионарных лимфоузлов, индекс M (metastasis) — отсутствие или наличие отдаленных метастазов. Если метастазов в регионарных лимфоузлах нет, а опухоль не прорастает мышечную оболочку, то это стадия A по Дьюксу (T1 N0 M0), если же прорастает, — стадия B. Стадию B делят на две подстадии — B1 (T2 N0 M0), если опухоль ограничена мышечной оболочкой, и B2 (T3—4 N0 M0), если опухоль прорастает серозную оболочку или распространяется на окружающие ткани. При поражении лимфоузлов говорят о стадии C (T1—4 N1 M0), а при наличии отдаленных метастазов — о стадии D (T1—4 N1—3 M1). Если до операции метастазы не выявлены, точно определить стадию заболевания без гистологического исследования невозможно.
А вот примеры использования термина extent of tumor (источник тот же, только опухоли другие):
The most important single factor affecting prognosis in MMTs is the ¶extent of ¶tumor at the time of treatment...
The peritoneal cavity and retroperitoneum are thoroughly inspected and palpated to assess the ¶extent of the primary ¶tumor and the metastatic disease.
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
Comment: "Lots of thanks!"
+1
58 mins
by the level of cancer development
or by the level of development of cancer.
Genetic mutation and cancer development - Genetics Home Reference
Genetic mutation and cancer development. Cancer results when cells accumulate genetic errors and multiply without control. Cancer results when cells ...
ghr.nlm.nih.gov/ghr/picture/cancer - 17k - Cached - Similar pages
psycport com stress may contribute to cancer development
www.psycport.com/showArticle.cfm?xmlFile=comtex_2007_04_11_... - Similar pages
ScienceDaily: New Cell Type Identified In Cancer Development
Scientists have discovered a new type of cell that appears to play a role in the development of cancer -- a highly volatile, precancerous stem cell that can ...
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/03/070314093323.htm
Genetic mutation and cancer development - Genetics Home Reference
Genetic mutation and cancer development. Cancer results when cells accumulate genetic errors and multiply without control. Cancer results when cells ...
ghr.nlm.nih.gov/ghr/picture/cancer - 17k - Cached - Similar pages
psycport com stress may contribute to cancer development
www.psycport.com/showArticle.cfm?xmlFile=comtex_2007_04_11_... - Similar pages
ScienceDaily: New Cell Type Identified In Cancer Development
Scientists have discovered a new type of cell that appears to play a role in the development of cancer -- a highly volatile, precancerous stem cell that can ...
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/03/070314093323.htm
Peer comment(s):
agree |
Olga Cartlidge
: or "By the rate(s)of cancer occurrence ": Cf Rate of cancer occurrence with age // You could be right, Jack. E.g. Some of the patients could be in the early stages, some in the terminal. To a layperson like myself the original sounds ambiguous.
2 hrs
|
Thank you. I am taking this to mean the extent to which cancer has developed in the individual patients.
|
32 mins
by the level of the cancer incidence
Presents data on cancer incidence, mortality, survival, cancer risk factors, and annual estimates of expected new cases and deaths..
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Note added at 4 час (2007-04-18 11:45:49 GMT)
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Google'ится прекрасно и по контексту совпадает
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Note added at 4 час (2007-04-18 11:45:49 GMT)
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Google'ится прекрасно и по контексту совпадает
Reference:
Peer comment(s):
agree |
tutta_karlson
3 hrs
|
Cпасибо
|
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disagree |
Martinique
: Простите, но распространенность здесь совсем не в смысле частоты/заболеваемости
5 hrs
|
В данном контексте, можно. Может далее по тексту будет необходимость дифференцировать
|
6 hrs
by stage of cancer development/progression
Stage 1 is the lightest; stage 4 is the worst; there is no stage 5. This is an accepted "scale" of cancer development used in the US.
9 hrs
by/according to degree of tumor progression / of metastasis
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Discussion